ch 5 - cognition and learning Flashcards
the process of
acquiring, storing, sharing,
and using information
cognition
components of cognitive function
- language
- thought
- memory
- executive function
- judgment
- attention
- perception
factors that can impact cognition
- education
- environment
- nutrition
- age related changes
- life experiences
- physical function
- emotions
- biomedical and physiological factors
- genetics
what is neuroplasticity
ability to improve or decline brain function
factors affecting cognitive reserve capacity (7)
- genetics
- health
- education
- occupation
- lifestyle
- leisure activities
- life experiences
changes in cognition from young person to older adult (5)
- more equal use of both hemispheres of brain
- greater density of synapses
- more of use of frontal lobes (greater abstract reasoning)
- better problem solving
- better concept formation
Ability to retain and store
information and retrieve
when needed
memory
3 components of memory
- immediate recall
- short term recall
- remote or long term
how is memory affected by age
decline of recall with new information
what would be considered abnormal (i.e.: dementia) related to memory and thought function in older adults (5)
- making poor judgments and decisions a lot of the time
- problems managing finances
- losing track of date, time, or year
- trouble having conversation
- misplacing things often and being unable to find them
tips for improving memory (7)
- pay attention to task at hand/avoid multitasking
- involve your senses
- use repetition
- chunk it and organize it
- mnemonic devices
- relate info to what you already know
- adequate sleep/stress relief/physical activity
what are the 4 steps to a beautiful mind
- nutrition (low fat, vitamins)
- mentally engaged (continued learning and skills)
- socially connected
- physically active
The capacity to which individuals can obtain, process, and understand basic health information
health literacy
nursing tips for gerontological population (5)
- use plain language and knowledge no higher than 6th grade level
- teach back
- increase understanding of meds
- be pt advocate
- increase pt health literacy
how to improve health literacy in older adults (6)
- schedule appt when pt is rested
- short sessions
- plain language, repeat points continually
- use bigger font, bold main points
- avoid charts with rows and columns
- teach back
brain’s ability to make more and stronger connections between neurons in response to novel situations
positive neuroplasticity
skills that are biologically determined, independent of experience or learning. It involves the capacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations, independent of acquired knowledge
fluid intelligence
risk factors for dementia (9)
- less education
- hearing loss
- HTN
- obesity
- smoking
- depression
- physical inactivity
- social isolation
- diabetes
what undesirable events has limited health literacy been linked with
- increased health disparities
- poor health outcomes
- inadequate preventative care
- increased use health care services
- higher health care costs
- higher risk mortality for older adults
- health care safety issues
2 strongest predictors of healthcare literacy
education and income
