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maturing family > ch 24 - endocrine and immune disorders > Flashcards

ch 24 - endocrine and immune disorders Flashcards

1
Q

classic signs DM T2 compared to age related S+S

A
  • polydipsia (reduced thirst)
  • polyuria (may be seen as incontinence)
  • polyphagia (weight loss may occur instead of gain)
  • fatigue
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2
Q

complications DM

A
  • end organ damage
  • problems with lower extremities
  • depression
  • shorter life expectancy
  • high risk heart disease
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3
Q

functional disability associated with DM (7)

A
  • mobility impairment
  • falls
  • incontinence
  • cognitive impairments
  • muscle weakness
  • fatigue
  • weight loss
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4
Q

S+S end organ damage DM (6)

A
  • decreased visual acuity
  • paresthesia
  • neuropathy
  • heart disease
  • stroke
  • periodontal disease
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5
Q

complications of DM common in older adults

A
  • dry eyes
  • dry mouth
  • confusion
  • incontinence
  • weight loss
  • anorexia
  • dehydration
  • delirium
  • nausea
  • delayed wound healing
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6
Q

causes hypoglycemia (3)

A
  • unusual intense exercise
  • alcohol intake
  • med mismanagement
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7
Q

S+S hypoglycemia in older adults (6)

A
  • tachycardia
  • palpitations
  • diaphoresis
  • tremors
  • pallor
  • anxiety
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8
Q

later S+S hypoglycemia in older adults

A
  • dizziness
  • fatigue
  • irritability
  • confusion
  • hunger
  • visual changes
  • seizures
  • coma
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9
Q

med Tx for older adults with DM

A
  • ACE inhibitors and ASA (preventative cardiac meds)
  • antiglycemics (metformin, thiazolidinediones)
  • insulin (last resort)
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10
Q

what diabetic med is contraindicated in older adults with advanced renal disease

A

-metformin

+use with caution with decreased hepatic function or congestive HF

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11
Q

what pts should thiazolidinediones be used with caution in

A
  • HF

- risk of falls

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12
Q

what med is contraindicated in older adults bc of long half life and very high risk prolonged hypoglycemia

A

sulfonylurea glyburide

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13
Q

medical related causes hypothyroidism

A
  • radioiodine Tx

- meds (amiodarone, lithium)

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14
Q

instructions for taking levothyroxine (3)

A
  • take on empty stomach
  • take with full glass of water
  • can’t take within 4 hours of taking calcium, antacids, or iron
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15
Q

S+S hypothyroidism in older adults

A
  • fatigue
  • weakness
  • depression
  • dry skin
  • mental slowness
  • drowsiness
  • constipation
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16
Q

S+S hyperthyroidism in older adults

A
  • unexplained afib
  • HF
  • confusion
  • depression
  • weight loss
  • dyspnea
17
Q

med that can cause hyperthyroidism

A

amiodarone

18
Q

what race has highest prevalence DM in US

A

american indians

maturing family (36 decks)

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