ch 8 pt 2 Flashcards
biomedical therapy
prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person’s physiology
eclectic approach
an approach to psychotherapy that uses techniques from various forms of therapy.
psychoanalysis
Freud’s theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts. (2) Sigmund Freud’s therapeutic technique used in treating psychological disorders. Freud believed the patient’s free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences—and the therapist’s interpretations of them—released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.
insight therapies
therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person’s awareness of underlying motives and defenses
client-centered therapy
a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within an accepting, genuine, empathic environment to facilitate clients’ growth
active listening
empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers’ client-centered therapy
unconditional positive regard
a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help clients develop self-awareness and self-acceptance
exposure therapies
behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imaginary or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid
systematic desensitization
a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias
token economy
an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange tokens for privileges or treats
aversive conditioning
a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)
transference
in psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love or hatred for a parent)
resistance
in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material
resilience
the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma
Rational Emotive behavior therapy
a confrontational cognitive therapy, developed by Albert Ellis, that vigorously challenges people’s illogical, self-defeating attitudes and assumptions
