ch 1 part 1

Question 1

Wilhem Wundt

Answer 1

German physiologist. known today as one of the fathers of modern psychology. He distinguished psychology as a science from philosophy and biology. Ball drop test

Question 2

Stanley Hall

Answer 2

established first formal US psych lab. His interests focused on human life span development and evolutionary theory. first president of the APA

Question 3

Mary Whiton Calkins

Answer 3

1st female president of APA. work informed theory and research of memory, dreams and the self. was denied a Ph.D

Question 4

Margaret Floy Washburn

Answer 4

1st female to get a Ph. D in psych. known for her experimental work in animal behavior and motor theory development

Question 5

John B. Watson

Answer 5

popularized the scientific theory of behaviorism, establishing it as a psychological school. Little Albert

Question 6

Sigmund Freud

Answer 6

developed an influential treatment process called psychoanalysis Austrian neurologist

Question 7

Abraham Maslow

Answer 7

Created/thought of the hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization

Question 8

Dorothea Dix

Answer 8

advocate on behalf of the indigent mentally ill who created the first generation of American mental asylums.

Question 9

empiricism

Answer 9

the idea that what we know comes from experience, and that observation and experimentation enable scientific knowledge

Question 10

structuralism

Answer 10

early school of thought. used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind

Question 11

functionalism

Answer 11

explored how mental and behavioral processes function, how they enable the organism to adapt, survive and flourish. (William James and darwin)

Question 12

introspection

Answer 12

the process of looking inward to directly observe one’s own psychological processes

Question 13

behaviorism

Answer 13

psych should be an objective science, observable behavior is important to study, not the unseen mental processes

Question 14

humanistic psychology

Answer 14

historically significant perspective that emphasized human growth potential

Question 15

cognitive psychology

Answer 15

study of mental process such as when we perceive, learn, remember, think, communicate, and solve problems

Question 16

evolutionary psychology

Answer 16

study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection

Question 17

positive psychology

Answer 17

the scientific study of human flourishing, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive

Question 18

biopsychosocial approach

Answer 18

interconnection between biology, psychology, and socio-environmental factors

Question 19

biological psychology

Answer 19

scientific study of the links between biological (genetic, neural, hormonal) and psychological processes

Question 20

psychodynamic psychology

Answer 20

branch of psych that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior and uses that info to treat people w psychological disorders

Question 21

sociocultural psychology

Answer 21

study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking

Question 22

psychiatry

Answer 22

branch of medicine dealing w psychological disorders, practiced by physicians who are licensed to provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy

Question 23

clinical psychology

Answer 23

branch of psych that studies, assesses, and treats people w psychological disorders

Question 24

basic research

Answer 24

increase the field’s knowledge base (biological, developmental, cognitive, educational, personality and social psychology)

Question 25

applied research

Answer 25

to solve practical problems ( in industrial-organizational and human factors psychology)