ch 7 pt 1 Flashcards
Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion
the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion
James Lange Theory
the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to an emotion-arousing stimulus: stimulus S arousal S emotion
two-factor theory
the Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal
drive-reduction theory
the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need
general adaptation syndrome
Seyle’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three phases-alarm, resistance, exhaustion
positive psychology
the scientific study of human flourishing, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive
homeostasis
a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level
health psychology
a subfield of psychology that provides psychology’s contribution to behavioral medicine
self-actualization
according to Maslow, one of the ultimate psychological needs that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-estee is achieved; the motivation to fulfill ones potential
weight set point
the human body tries to maintain its weight within a preferred range
Yerkes Dodson Law
the principle that performance increases with arousal only up to point, beyond which performance decreases
Basal metabolic rate
the body’s resting rate of energy output
type A
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people
type B
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for easygoing, relaxed people
instincts
complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned
hierarchy of needs
Maslow’s pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active
Affiliation need
the need to build relationships and to feel part of a group
facial feedback theory
the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness
Paul Ekman
in the study of emotions and their relation to facial expressions
Abraham Maslow
hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization
Martin Seligman
self-help books. a strong promoter of his theories of positive psychology and of well-being. His theory of learned helplessness is popular among scientific and clinical psychologists
physiological need
a basic bodily requirement
incentive
a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
