ch 8 pt 1

Question 1

DSM-5

Answer 1

the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders.

Question 2

Epigenetics

Answer 2

“above” or “in addition to” (epi) genetics; the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA change.

Question 3

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Answer 3

an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal

Question 4

Agoraphobia

Answer 4

fear or avoidance of situations, such as crowds or wide open places, where one has felt loss of control and panic.

Question 5

Panic Disorder

Answer 5

an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable, minuteslong episodes of intense dread in which a person may experience terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations; often followed by worry over a possible next attack.

Question 6

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Answer 6

a disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions), actions (compulsions), or both.

Question 7

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Answer 7

a disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, hypervigilance, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience.

Question 8

Major Depressive Disorder

Answer 8

a disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or another medical condition, two or more weeks with five or more symptoms, at least one of which must be either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure.

Question 9

Bipolar Disorder

Answer 9

a disorder in which a person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania. (Formerly called manic-depressive disorder.

Question 10

Mania

Answer 10

a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state in which dangerously poor judgment is common.

Question 11

Rumination

Answer 11

compulsive fretting; overthinking our problems and their causes

Question 12

Schizophrenia

Answer 12

a disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and/or diminished, inappropriate emotional expression.

Question 13

Delusion

Answer 13

a false belief, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders

Question 14

Somatic Symptom Disorder

Answer 14

a psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a somatic (bodily) form without apparent physical cause. (Formerly called somatoform disorder; see conversion disorder and illness anxiety disorder.

Question 15

Conversion Disorder

Answer 15

a disorder related to somatic symptom disorder in which a person experiences very specific, physical symptoms that are not compatible with recognized medical or neurological conditions. (Also called functional neurological symptom disorder.)

Question 16

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Answer 16

a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. (Formerly called multiple personality disorder.)

Question 17

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Answer 17

a personality disorder in which a person (usually a man) exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members; may be aggressive and ruthless or a clever con artist

Question 18

Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 18

an eating disorder in which a person (usually an adolescent female) maintains a starvation diet despite being significantly underweight; sometimes accompanied by excessive exercise.

Question 19

Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 19

an eating disorder in which a person’s binge eating (usually of high-calorie foods) is followed by inappropriate weight-loss promoting behavior, such as vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise.

Question 20

Personality Disorder

Answer 20

inflexible and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functioning