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Human A+P 1. Spring 23 > Ch 7 The axial skeleton > Flashcards

Ch 7 The axial skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Axial skeleton

A

These are the bones of head and trunk this forms the longitudinal axis of the body

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2
Q

Appendicular skeleton

A

Are the bones that support the limbs

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3
Q

How many bones are in the axial skeleton

A

80

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4
Q

what are the functions of the axial skeletons

A

supports and protects the organs in the body cavities.
provides points of attachment for muscles .

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5
Q

how many bones does the skull contain

A

22
(18 in the cranium and 14 in the face)

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6
Q

sutures

A

are immovable joints of the skull

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7
Q

Lambdoid suture

A

separates occipital from parietal bones

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8
Q

coronal suture

A

attaches frontal bone to parietal bones

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9
Q

sagittal suture

A

between the parietal bones

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10
Q

squamous sutures

A

join temporal bones with parietal bones

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11
Q

sinuses

A

air filled chambers in the skull

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12
Q

what are the functions of the sinuses

A

decreases weight of the skull
lined with mucous membranes
serves as resonating chambers in speech production

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13
Q

cranial bones

A

8 cranial bones. encloses the cranial cavity.

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14
Q

what forms the skull cap/calvaria

A

the occipital, right and left parietal and frontal bones

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15
Q
A

occipital bone

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16
Q
A

parietal bones

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17
Q
A

frontal bones

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18
Q
A

temporal bone

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19
Q
A

sphenoid

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20
Q
A

ethmoid

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21
Q

what are the temporal bones

A

squamous part
zygomatic process
mandibular fossa
mastoid process
styloid process
petrous part
auditory ossicles

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22
Q
A

squamous part

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23
Q
A

zygomatic process

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24
Q
A

mandibular fossa

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25
Q
A

mastoid process

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26
Q
A

styloid process

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27
Q
A

petrous part

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28
Q
A

auditory ossicles

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29
Q
A

superior nasal conchae

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30
Q
A

middle nasal conchae

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31
Q
A

perpendicular plate

32
Q

what are the facial bones

A

maxillae
palatine bones
nasal bones
vomer
inferior nasal conchae
zygomatic bones
lacrimal bones
mandible
hyoid bone

33
Q
A

maxillae

34
Q

cleft palate

A

is an incomplete development of the palatine bones

35
Q
A

palatine bones

36
Q
A

nasal bones

37
Q
A

vomer

38
Q
A

inferior nasal conchae

39
Q
A

zygomatic bones

40
Q
A

lacrimal bones

41
Q
A

mandible

42
Q
A

hyoid bone

43
Q

what are the orbits

A

eye sockets (seven bones form each)

44
Q
A

infant skull

45
Q

what time frame does the skull have the most significant growth

A

infant-5 years of age.

46
Q

fontanelles

A

a very soft, flexible fibrous region between two flat bones
in a developing skull (ex is soft spots in an infants skull)

47
Q

how many bones are in the vertebral column (spine)

A

26 bones total, 24 vertebrae, the sacrum and the coccyx

48
Q
A

sacrum

49
Q
A

coccyx

50
Q
A

spine/ vertebral column

51
Q

what are the spinal curves

A

cervical curve
thoracic curve
lumbar curve
sacral curve

52
Q

primary curves (accommodation curves)

A

are curves that are present during birth (thoracic and sacral curve)

53
Q

secondary curves (compensation curves)

A

appear after birth (cervical and lumbar curves)

54
Q

how many vertebrae are in the neck

A

seven cervical vertebrae

55
Q

how many vertebrae are in the upper back

A

12 thoracic vertebrae

56
Q

how many vertebrae are in the lower back

A

five lumbar vertebrae

57
Q

vertebral body

A

transfers weight along the spine
forms anterior margin of each vertebral foramen

58
Q

vertebral arch

A

forms posterior margin of each vertebral foramen
walls called pedicles
laminae form roof

59
Q

articular processes

A

lateral projections between laminae and pedicles

60
Q

spinous process

A

posterior projection from where the vertebral laminae fuses

61
Q

transverse process

A

projections from where laminae join pedicles

62
Q

superior and inferior articular processes

A

have articular facets
for articulations with neighboring vertebrae

63
Q

intervertebral discs

A

a fibrocartilage pad between the bodies of successive vertebrae that absorb shock.

64
Q

intervertebral foramina

A

gaps between pedicles of adjacent vertebrae. encloses the spinal cord

65
Q

whiplash

A

is a partial or complete dislocation of cervical vertebrae

66
Q

what is the atlas

A

C1

67
Q

what is the axis

A

C2

68
Q

the cervical vertebrae

A

C1 to C7

69
Q

the thoracic vertebrae

A

T1-T12

70
Q

the lumbar vertebrae

A

L1-L5

71
Q

what is scoliosis

A

is an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine in one or more of the moveable vertebrae

72
Q
A

thoracic cage

73
Q

how many ribs are there

A

12 pairs
divided into two types

74
Q

true ribs

A

ribs 1-7
are connected to sternum by costal cartilage

75
Q

false ribs

A

ribs 8-10
do not attach directly to the sternum

ribs 11 and 12 are floating ribs connect only to the vertebrae and the muscles of the body

76
Q
A

sternum (breastbone)

Human A+P 1. Spring 23 (17 decks)

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