Ch 2 Chemical level of organization Flashcards
adenine and guanine are
purines represented by A and G
helium (He) has an atomic number of 2, it is chemically stable because
it has a full outer electron shell
when atoms complete their outer electron shell by sharing electrons, they form
covalent bonds
chemical reactions that yeild energy such as heat are said to be
exergonic
cholesterol, phospholipids and glycolipids are examples of
structural lipids
the most important metabolic fuel in the body is
glucose
in phospholipids water tends to form little droplets with hydrophobic tails buried inside called
micells
chemical reactions that occur in the body are accelerated by
enzymes
ions with a + charge are called
cations
ionic bonds are formed when
an electron or electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another
AB > A+B is to decomposition as A+B > AB
synthesis
in living cells complex metabolic reactions proceed in a series of steps called
pathways
if an isotope of oxygen has 8 protons , 10 neutrons and 8 electrons its mass number is
18
a shortage of steroids’ in the body would result in the shortage of
sex hormones and plasma membranes
the chemical behavior of an atom is determined by the
outermost electron shell
the innermost electron shell in an atom holds up to electrons
2
molecules that store and process the genetic information are the
nucleic acids
a removed hydrogen ions and increases the pH
base
the group of organic compounds containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in a near 1:2:1 ratio is defined as a
carbohydrate
each amino acid differs from another in the
nature of the side chain
matter
is anything that takes up space and has a mass
atoms
the base unit of a chemical element
proton
positive charge 1 mass unit
neutrons
neutral 1 mass unit