Ch 6 Flashcards
Catabolism breaking down
Process that decorates compounds to release energy’s
Cells can make ATP
Large molecules are broken down into smaller ones
Exergonic
Anabolism building up
Biosynthetic process assemble subunits of macromolecules, spend ATP two drive reactions
Endergonic
Microbial metabolism is important for humans
New fuel resources or biofuel
Used to make food such as yogurt, cheese, and bread
Bacterial metabolic processes that are unique to bacteria, maybe targets of anti-microbial medication’s
Model for laboratory studies, such as E. coli do the similar pathway in humans
ATP adenosine triphosphate
The main energy currency of cells
Composed of ribose, adenine and three phosphate groups
three negatively charged phosphate groups repel, which intern causes the bonds inherently to become unstable, easily broken by hydrolysis and releases energy to drive cellular processes
What do cells need to carry out metabolism
ATP and enzymes
The role of enzymes
Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions within the cell
Biological catalyst, speed up conversions of substrate into a product without being altered
Can greatly increase the speed of a reaction reaction will occur, but would also be extremely slow
Enzymes are highly specific and selective about the reaction catalyzed
Enzymes
Has an active site which substrate binds
Highly specific to a specific reaction substrate
And changed by the reaction
Enzymes can be affected by
Temperature pH salt, regulators inhibitors
Enzymes have narrow range of optimal conditions
While 10°C increases double the speed of endemic reaction of Maxximum the
Proteins denature, higher temperatures
What is the optimal State for an enzyme?
PH of 7 to 8 and low salt
Role of enzymes
Biological catalyst that speeds up conversions of South Street enter products by lowering activation energy
Cofactors
Enzymes function summer in our Ganic ion, such as magnesium, zinc, copper
Coenzymes
FAD NADH NADP
Enzyme inhibitor
Site to which inhibitor binds determines the type, competitive inhibitor binds to Actisite enzyme
Chemical structure, usually similar to the substrate
Concentration dependent block substrate
Photosynthetic micro organisms
Microorganisms, I get their energy from sunlight
Chemoorganotrophs micro organisms
Obtain energy from metabolizing organic compounds like glucose