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Medical Terms > Ch 5--Body systems > Flashcards

Ch 5--Body systems Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Dorsal

A

Back cavity

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2
Q

Ventral

A

Front cavity

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3
Q

Two main body cavities

A

Dorsal cavity

Ventral cavity

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4
Q

Dorsal cavity contains:

A

Cranial cavity

Spinal cavity

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5
Q

Ventral cavity contains:

A

Thoracic
Abdominal
Pelvic cavities

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6
Q

Diaphragm

A

Major respiratory muscles

Separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.

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7
Q

Thoracic Cavity contains:

A 
Heart
Lungs
Aorta
Trachea
Esophagus
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8
Q

Abdominal cavity contains:

A

Stomach
Large and small intestines,Pancreas, Gallbladder, Liver, Spleen, Kidneys
Ureters

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9
Q

Pelvic cavity contains:

A

Reproductive and urinary organs (excluding kidneys and ureters).

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10
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity

A

Abdominal and pelvic cavities are frequently referred to as one cavity.

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11
Q

Standard anatomical position

A

Body erect
Arms by the side
Head, palms, and feet facing forward

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12
Q

Superior or cranial

A

Above; toward the head

The head is superior to the neck

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13
Q

Inferior or caudal

A

Below: toward the lower end of the body or tail.

Neck is inferior to the head.
Caudal anesthesia is injected in the lower spine.

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14
Q

Anterior or Ventral

A

Front surface of the body; belly side of the body.

Thoracic cavity is anterior to the spinal cavity.

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15
Q

Posterior or dorsal

A

Back surface of the body.

The spinal cavity is posterior to the thoracic cavity.

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16
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline.

Big toe is medial to the small toe.

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17
Q

Proximal

Primarily used to describe direction on the arms and legs

A

Nearest point of attachment to the trunk.

Elbow is proximal to the wrist. Wrist is proximal to fingers.

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18
Q

Proximal

Describes directions pertaining to the digestive tract.

A

Toward the point of origin.

The stomach is proximal to the intestines.

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19
Q

Distal

A

Farthest from the point of attachment to the trunk. Farthest from the point of origin.
Knee is distal to the hip. Ankle is distal to knee. Intestines are distal to the stomach. Stomach is distal to the throat.

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20
Q

Superficial

A

Near the surface of the body.

Skin is superficial to the underlying organs.

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21
Q

Deep

A

Away from the surface of the body.

Muscles are deep to the skin.

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22
Q

Supine

A

Lying on back, face up. Palms facing front.

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23
Q

Prone

A

Lying on abdomen. Face down.

Palms face back.

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24
Q

Plantar

A

Sole of the foot

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25
Q

Dorsum

A

Upper portion of the foot.

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26
Q

Peripheral

A

Away from the center

Peripheral nerves are nerves away from the brain and spinal cord.

27
Q

Frontal; coronal

A

Separates a structure into anterior (front) and posterior portions.

28
Q

Sagittal

A

Separates structure into right and left sides. If it divides into equal portions it is called a midsagittal section.

29
Q

Transverse; horizontal

A

Separates a structure into superior and inferior portions.

30
Q

Anter/o

A

Front

31
Q

Caud/o

A

Tail

32
Q

Dors/o

A

Back

33
Q

Infer/o

A

Inferior

34
Q

Inguin/o

A

Groin

35
Q

Medi/o

A

Middle

36
Q

Phren/o

A

Diaphragm

37
Q

Poster/o

A

Posterior

38
Q

Proxim/o

A

Near

39
Q

Super/o

A

Superior

40
Q

Ventr/o

A

Front

41
Q

LLQ

A

Left lower quadrant

42
Q

LUQ

A

Left upper quadrant

43
Q

RLQ

A

Right lower quadrant

44
Q

RUQ

A

Right upper quadrant.

45
Q

Epigastric

A

Pertaining to upon the stomach

46
Q

Hypogastric

A

Pertaining to below the stomach

47
Q

Iliac

A

Pertaining to the hip

48
Q

Caudal

A

Pertaining to the tail; toward the tail

49
Q

Cranial

A

Pertaining to the skull

50
Q

Dorsal

A

Pertaining to the back

51
Q

Inguinal

A

Pertaining to the groin

52
Q

Medial

A

Pertaining to the middle

53
Q

Proximal

A

Pertaining to that which is near a point of reference

54
Q

Spinal

A

Pertaining to the spine

55
Q

Ventral

A

Pertaining to the front

56
Q

Visceral

A

Pertaining to the internal organs

57
Q

Pelvic

A

Pertaining to the pelvis

58
Q

Phrenic

A

Pertaining to the diaphragm

59
Q

Thoracic

A

Pertaining to the chest

60
Q

Anterior

A

Pertaining to the front of the body

61
Q

Inferior

A

Pertaining to below or in a downward position. A structure below another structure

62
Q

Posterior

A

Pertaining to the back of the body

63
Q

Superior

A

Pertaining to a structure or organ situated either above another or toward the head

Medical Terms (18 decks)

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