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Medical Terms > Ch 10--Eyes and Ears > Flashcards

Ch 10--Eyes and Ears Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Coagulati/o

A

To condense; clot

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2
Q

Dipl/o

A

Double

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3
Q

Emmetr/o

A

In proper measure

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4
Q

Is/o

A

Equal

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5
Q

-conus

A

Cone shaped

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6
Q

-edema

A

Accumulation of fluid

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7
Q

-iasis

A

Abnormal condition; process

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8
Q

-metrist

A

Specialist in the measurement of

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9
Q

-ory

A

Pertaining to

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10
Q

Myein-

A

To shut

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11
Q

Presby-

A

Old age

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12
Q

Pseudo-

A

False

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13
Q

Aque/o

A

Water

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14
Q

Aqueous humor

A

Pertaining to a watery fluid found in the anterior cavity

Humor-body fluid

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15
Q

Blepharopexy

A

Surgical fixation of the eyelid

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16
Q

Blepharoplasty

A

Surgical reconstruction of the eyelid

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17
Q

Symblepharon

A

Adhesion of the eyelid to the eyeball

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18
Q

Chori/o

A

Choroid

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19
Q

Chorioretinitis

A

Inflammation of the choroid and retina

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20
Q

Choroiditis

A

Inflammation of the choroid

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21
Q

Choroid/o

A

Choroid membrane

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22
Q

Conjunctiv/o

A

Conjunctiva

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23
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the conjunctiva

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24
Q

Core/o

A

Pupil

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25
Q

Anisocoria

A

Inequality in the size of the pupil

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26
Q

Coreometer

A

Instrument used to measure the pupil

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27
Q

Corne/o

A

Cornea

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28
Q

Corneal

A

Pertaining to the cornea

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29
Q

Cycl/o

A

Ciliary body

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30
Q

Cycloplegia

A

Paralysis of the ciliary body

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31
Q

Dacry/o

A

Tears

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32
Q

Dacryogenic

A

Producing tears

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33
Q

Dacryocyst/o

A

Lacrimal sac

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34
Q

Dacryocystostenosis

A

Narrowing of the lacrimal sac

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35
Q

Goni/o

A

Angle (of the anterior chamber)

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36
Q

Goniscopy

A

Process of visually examining the angle of the anterior chamber with the aid of a goniscope. Diagnostic tool for glaucoma

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37
Q

Irid/o; ir/o

A

Iris

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38
Q

Iridocyclitis

A

Inflammation of the iris and the ciliary body

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39
Q

Iritis

A

Inflammation of the iris

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40
Q

Iridectomy

A

Excision of the iris

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41
Q

Kerat/o

A

Cornea

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42
Q

Keratoconjunctivitis

A

Inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva

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43
Q

Keratoconus

A

Abnormal cone shaped protrusion of the cornea. Degenerative disease causing blurred vision.

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44
Q

Keratomycosis

A

Fungal infection of the cornea

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45
Q

Keratoplasty

A

Surgical repair of the cornea; corneal transplant

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46
Q

Lacrim/o

A

Tears

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47
Q

Nasolacrimal

A

Pertaining to the nose and the lacrimal apparatus

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48
Q

Mi/o

A

Contraction; less

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49
Q

Miosis

A

Abnormal contraction of the pupil

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50
Q

Miotic

A

A drug used to construct the pupil

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51
Q

Mydri/o

A

Wide; dilation; dilatation

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52
Q

Mydriasis

A

Dilation of the pupil

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53
Q

Mydriatic

A

Pertaining to drugs used to dilate the pupil

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54
Q

Ambly/o

A

Dull; dim

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55
Q

Extraocular

A

Pertaining to outside the eye

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56
Q

Intraocular

A

Pertaining to within the eye

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57
Q

Exophthalmia

A

Outward protrusion of the eye

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58
Q

Ophthalmologist

A

Specialist in the study of the diagnosis and medical and surgical treatment of eye disorders

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59
Q

Ophthalmology

A

Study of the eye, including diseases and treatment

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60
Q

Opthalmoscopy

A

Process of visual examination of the eye. Aka funduscopy

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61
Q

Opt/o

A

vision or sight

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62
Q

Optic

A

Pertaining to vision or sight

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63
Q

Optician

A

Expert who fills prescriptions for eyeglasses and contact lenses

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64
Q

Optometrist

A

Specialist in the testing of visual function and in the diagnosis and treatment of eye conditions

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65
Q

Palpebr/o

A

Eyelid

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66
Q

Palpebral

A

Pertaining to the eyelid

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67
Q

Papill/o

A

Optic disc

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68
Q

Papilledema

A

Accumulation of fluid in the optic disc

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69
Q

Phac/o; phak/o

A

Lens

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70
Q

Aphakia

A

Absence of lens

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71
Q

Phacomalacia

A

Softening of the lens

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72
Q

Pseudophakia

A

Condition characterized by replacement of the lens with connective tissue

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73
Q

Phot/o

A

Light

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74
Q

Cyclophotocoagulation

A

Destruction of a portion of the ciliary body using a laser
Ion-process
Cycl/o-ciliary body
Coagulati/o-to condense to clot

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75
Q

Photocoagulation

A

A beam from a laser is aimed at the site of injury to condense the retinal tissue, thus repairing any retinal tears or detachment

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76
Q

Photophobia

A

Intolerance or sensitivity to light

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77
Q

Pupill/o

A

Pupil

78
Q

Pupillary

A

Pertaining to the pupil

79
Q

Retinal detachment

A

Separation of the retina from underlying tissue

80
Q

Retinopathy

A

Any disease of the retina

81
Q

Retinopexy

A

Surgical fixation of the retina

82
Q

Retinoschisis

A

Splitting of the retina

83
Q

Scler/o

A

Sclera

84
Q

Sclerectomy

A

Excision of the sclera

85
Q

Ton/o

A

Tension

86
Q

Tonometry

A

Measurement of intraocular pressure. Diagnostic tool for glaucoma

87
Q

Trabecul/o

A

Mesh work; lattice

88
Q

Trabeculoplasty

A

Surgical reconstruction of the trabecular meshwork of the canal of Schlemm. Done by laser and increases outflow of aqueous humor reducing pressure

89
Q

Uve/o

A

Uvea (includes the choroid, ciliary body, iris)

90
Q

Uveitis

A

Inflammation of the uvea

91
Q

Vitre/o

A

Glasslike; gel-like

92
Q

Vitrectomy

A

Remove of some or all of the vitreous humor and its replacement with a clear fluid

93
Q

Vitreous humor

A

A gel/like glassy substance in the posterior cavity

94
Q

-chalasis

A

Relaxation

95
Q

Blepharochalasis

A

Relaxation of the eyelid

96
Q

-opia, -opsia

A

Visual condition: vision

97
Q

Amblyopia

A

Dimness of vision

98
Q

Diplopia

A

Double vision

Dipl/o-double

99
Q

Hemianopsia; hemianopia

A

Lack of vision in half the optical field

100
Q

Presbyopia

A

Impaired vision due to advanced age

101
Q

Hyperopia

A

Light rays focus behind the retina; farsighteness

102
Q

Myopia

A

Light rays are focus in front of the retina; nearsightedness

103
Q

-tropics

A

Turning

104
Q

Emmetropia

A

Normal vision

105
Q

Esotropia

A

Turning inward of the eyeball

106
Q

Exotropia

A

Turning outward of the eyeball

107
Q

Hypertropia

A

Upward turning of the eyeball

108
Q

Hypotropia

A

Turning downward of the eyeball

109
Q

-tropion

A

Turning

110
Q

Ectotropion

A

Outward turning of the eyeball

111
Q

Entropion

A

Inward turning of the eyeball

112
Q

Accom

A

Accommodation

113
Q

ARMD

A

Age related macular degeneration

114
Q

OD (oculus dextra)

A

Right eye

115
Q

OS (oculus sinistra)

A

Left eye

116
Q

OU (oculus Unitas)

A

Both eyes

117
Q

PERLA

A

Pupils equal react to light and accommodation

118
Q

PERRLA

A

Pupils equal, round, regular, react to light and accommodation

119
Q

PRK

A

Photorefractive keratectomy

120
Q

EOM

A

Extraocular movement

121
Q

IOL

A

Intraocular lens

122
Q

IOP

A

Intraocular pressure

123
Q

LASEK

A

Laser epithelial keratomileusis

124
Q

LASIK

A

Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis

125
Q

VA

A

Visual acuity

126
Q

VF

A

Visual field

127
Q

Audi/o

A

Hearing

128
Q

Audiogram

A

Record of a patients hearing ability

129
Q

Audiometry

A

Measurement of a patients hearing ability

130
Q

Audit/o

A

Hearing

131
Q

Auditory

A

Pertaining to hearing

132
Q

Aur/o

A

Ear

133
Q

Aural

A

Pertaining to the ear

134
Q

Cochle/o

A

Cochlea

135
Q

Cochlear

A

Pertaining to the cochlea

136
Q

Electrocochleography

A

Process of recording the electrical activity of the cochlea

137
Q

Labyrinth/o

A

Inner ear; labyrinth

138
Q

Labyrinthitis

A

Inflammation of the inner ear

139
Q

Myring/o tympan/o

A

Tympanic membrane; eardrum

140
Q

Myringotomy

A

Process of cutting into the eardrum to remove fluid from the middle ear

141
Q

Ossicul/o

A

Ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes collectively)

142
Q

Ossiculoplasty

A

Surgical reconstruction of the ossicles

143
Q

Otalgia

A

Earache

144
Q

Otitis media

A

Inflammation of the middle ear. If it results in buildup of fluid it is known as serous otitis media. If there is a build up of pus, it is called purulent otitis media

145
Q

Otorrhea

A

Discharge from the ear

146
Q

Otosclerosis

A

Fusion of stapes onto the oval window. Common disease of the middle ear.

147
Q

Otoscope

A

Instrument used to visually examine the ear

148
Q

Salping/o

A

Eustachian tube

149
Q

Salpingoscope

A

Instrument used to visually examine the Eustachian tube

150
Q

Staped/o

A

Stapes

151
Q

Stapedectomy

A

Removal of the stapes

152
Q

Tympan/o

A

Tympanic membrane; eardrum

153
Q

Tympanoplasty

A

Surgical reconstruction of the eardrum; myringoplasty

154
Q

-cusis

A

Hearing

155
Q

Presbycusis

A

Diminished hearing due to old age

156
Q

AC

A

Air conduction

157
Q

AD (auris dextra)

A

Right ear

158
Q

AS (auris sinistra)

A

Left ear

159
Q

AU (auris unitas)

A

Both ears

160
Q

BC

A

Bone conduction

161
Q

EENT

A

Eyes, ears, nose, throat

162
Q

ENT

A

Ears, nose, throat

163
Q

HD

A

Hearing distance

164
Q

Hz

A

Hertz (unit of frequency, equal to one cycle per second; measurement used in audio grams

165
Q

NIHL

A

Nerve induced hearing loss

166
Q

TM

A

Tympanic membrane

167
Q

Cornea

A

Outer layer.
Transparent anterior portion
Allows light into the eye and participates in the focusing of light onto the back of the eye.

168
Q

Sclera

A

White of the eye. Tough protective covering for most of the eyeball

169
Q

Uvea

A

Middle layer of eye.

Consists of choroid, ciliary body, and iris.

170
Q

Choroid

A

Inner lining of the sclera. Contains blood vessels to nourish the eye.

171
Q

Ciliary body

A

Lies at the anterior edges of the choroid body and consists of ciliary muscles and the ciliary process.

172
Q

Ciliary muscles

A

Adjust the shape of the lens for focusing

173
Q

Ciliary process

A

Produces a watery substance called aqueous humor which bathes the anterior region of the eye

174
Q

Iris

A

Circular colored portion of the eye.

175
Q

Pupil

A

Regulates the amount of light that enters the eye. In bright light muscles constrict the pupil. In dim light they relax. Radial muscles dilate the pupil when a person is stressed or excited.

176
Q

Retina

A

Inner layer of the eye.
Several layers of nervous tissue containing cones and rods, which are the cells that transform light into nerve impulses.

177
Q

Fovea centralis

A

Cones responsible for central and bright light vision are concentrated here. Located in a small yellowish area called the macula lutea

178
Q

Optic disc or blind spot

A

Small area of the retina w no cones or rods and does not produce any visual images. Point at which the optic nerve begins and the entry point for the major blood vessels of the eye.

179
Q

Lens

A

Not considered one of the layers of the eye. Posterior to the iris and held in place by suspensory ligaments.

180
Q

Refraction

A

As light passes through the lens it is bent.

181
Q

Lens accommodation

A

Ciliary muscles change the shape of lens to allow clear vision of near and far objects

182
Q

Anterior cavity

A

Contains aqueous humor

183
Q

Posterior cavity

A

Contains vitreous humor

184
Q

Outer eye consists of

A

Orbital cavity, extrinsic ocular muscles
Eyelids, conjunctival membrane
Lacrimona all apparatus

185
Q

6 extrinsic ocular muscles

A

Superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, lateral rectus, superior oblique, inferior oblique.

186
Q

Lacrimal glands

A

Produce tears delivered to the eye by the lacrimal ducts. Small openings called punctae drain tears from the eyes into the nose.

187
Q

Ear consists of

A

External ear
Middle ear
Inner ear
Responsible for hearing and plays a prominent role in maintaining balance

188
Q

External ear is composed of

A

Auricle
External auditory meatus
Eardrum (tympanic membrane)

189
Q

Middle ear

A

Three ossicles called
Malleus-hammer
Incus-anvil
Stapes-stirrup

190
Q

Inner ear contains

A 
Bony labyrinth (vestibule, semicircular canals, and cochlea) 
Membranous labyrinth (utricle, saccule, semicircular ducts, and cochlear ducts)
191
Q

Sound is transmitted

A

By the vibration of the stapes against the oval window, causing hair cells in the organ of Corti to sway and stimulate the underlying nerve fibers that create nerve impulses which travel to the temporal lobe of the brain

Medical Terms (18 decks)

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