Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Esthetics > Ch. 5: Anatomy - In Depth > Flashcards

Ch. 5: Anatomy - In Depth Flashcards

1
Q

What is the process by which cells reproduce (dividing in half) called?

A

mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A body’s metabolic rate or speed is dependent upon ___, ___, ___.

A

exercise, eating habits, hereditary factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones?

A

anabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The upper chest area is known as the ___.

A

décolleté

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

in front of

A

anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

located below or is smaller

A

inferioris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of lymph?

A

Increases nutrients in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Red blood cells are also known as ___.

A

Erythrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is carried by red blood cells?

A

Oxygen and hemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is responsible for the clotting of blood?

A

Thrombocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tubular, elastic, thick-walled branching vessels that carry pure blood throughout the body are called ____.

A

arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which nervous system is responsible for all voluntary body action?

A

Central Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the structures that receive the messages sent to the nerve cell called?

A

Dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What controls all 3 subsystems of the nervous system?

A

Brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the portion of the brain responsible for motor function, muscle movement, and balance?

A

Cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which type of nerve determines our senses of smell, sight, touch, hearing, and taste?

A

Sensory nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many pairs of nerves originate in the brain?

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What continues to break down food once it has entered the stomach?

A

Hydrochloric acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where does the undigested food pass for eventual elimination?

A

Colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the function of the excretory system?

A

Eliminates solid, liquid, and gaseous waste from the body?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The muscular organ that contracts and expands, forcing air into and out of the lungs is called the ___.

A

Diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the conducting pathway through which air flows?

A

Trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Chemical substances manufactured by the glands of the endocrine system are called ___.

A

Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the 2 primary glands of the integumentary system?

A

Sebaceous and sudoriferous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
the study of the functions organs and systems perform
physiology
26
____ is the chemical process in which cells receive nutrients for growth and reproduction
Metabolism
27
The cardiovascular or blood vascular system includes the heart, arteries, veins, and ____.
capillaries
28
How much blood in average adult?
8-10 pints
29
Tubular, elastic, thin-walled branching vessels that carry impure blood from capillaries to heart are called ____.
veins
30
Which portion of the brain is responsible for thought, emotion, and memory?
Cerebrum
31
What delivers air directly to the lungs?
Bronchi
32
How many primary organs?
8
33
How long does it take to complete digestion?
9 hours
34
Human cells reproduce in a process known as ___.
mitosis
35
Study of nervous system
Neurology
36
Study of skin
Dermatology
37
Study of structures too small to be seen except with a microscope
Histology or microscopic anatomy
38
What is the normal heart rate for an adult?
60 - 100 beats per minute
39
Thrombocytes are also known as ___ ___.
blood platelets
40
Leucocytes are also known as ___ ___ ___.
white blood cells
41
Erythrocytes are also known as ___ ___ ___.
red blood cells
42
What is the "kissing muscle?"
oris orbicularis
43
posterior
back
44
superioris
located above or larger than
45
inferioris
located below or smaller than
46
levator
lifts up
47
depressor
draws down or depresses
48
dialator
opens, enlarges, expands
49
Afferent nerves are also known as ___ nerves.
sensory
50
Efferent nerves are also known as ___ nerves.
motor
51
The trigeminal nerve is also known as the ___ nerve.
trifacial
52
What phase of metabolism causes a release of energy within the cell?
Catabolism
53
What is the system that controls the circulation of the blood and lymph through the body?
Circulatory
54
The heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries are all part of the ____.
cardiovascular system
55
What membrane entirely encases the heart?
Pericardium
56
What are the lower chambers of the heart?
Right and left ventricle
57
Which cells fight bacteria and other foreign substances and increase in number when infection invades the body?
White blood cells
58
What starts the process of coagulation?
Thrombocytes
59
What is the fluid part of the blood in which red and white blood cells and blood platelets are suspended?
Plasma
60
What are the blood vessels responsible for carrying oxygenated blood away from the heart through the body?
Arteries
61
What is the process of blood traveling from the heart throughout the body and back to the heart?
Systemic circulation
62
What artery supplies blood to the brain, eyes, and forehead?
Internal carotid
63
Through what two veins does all the blood from the head, face, and neck return?
Internal and external jugular
64
How can you help prevent varicose veins?
Wear support hose and correctly sized shoes
65
What facial artery supplies blood to the lower portion of the face?
External maxillary
66
What acts as a barrier to infection from one part of the body to another?
Lymph nodes
67
What system coordinates and controls the overall operation of the human body by responding to both internal and external stimuli?
Nervous system
68
What controls all 3 subsystems of the nervous system?
Brain
69
What is the most vital part of the brain that contains centers that control breathing and heart function?
Medulla oblongata
70
What are the 3 primary components of the nervous system?
Brain, spinal cord, nerves
71
Which nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord?
Central nervous system
72
What system carries sensory information sent to the brain by the ears, eyes, nose, and tongue?
Peripheral nervous system
73
What system is responsible for all involuntary body functions?
Autonomic nervous system
74
The subsystem of the autonomic system that slows the heart rate, dilates the blood vessels, and lowers the blood pressure is the ___ ___ ___.
Parasympathetic nervous system
75
What is homeostasis?
The body's state of balance
76
What are the long thread-like fibers extending from a nerve cell?
Axons
77
What is responsible for sending messages in the form of electrical nerve impulses?
Nerve terminals
78
What is the interaction of sensory and motor nerves?
Reflex action
79
What type of nerves carry messages from the brain to the muscles and cause a muscle to react?
Motor
80
What type of nerve performs both sensory and motor functions?
Mixed
81
What are nerve cells that react to outside stimulation by sending a sensory message to the brain?
Receptors
82
What is the eleventh cranial nerve that controls the motion of neck muscles?
Accessory nerve
83
What is the chief sensory nerve of the face responsible for transmitting facial sensations to the brain and for controlling the muscle movements of chewing?
Trifacial nerve
84
What are the 3 main branches of the trifacial nerve?
Maxillary, ophthalmic, mandibular
85
What is the main nerve branch to the top 1/3 of the face?
Ophthalmic branch
86
What nerve extends to the side of the forehead, temple, and upper part of the cheek?
Zygomatic
87
What system is responsible for all involuntary body functions, such as breathing and digesting?
Autonomic Nervous System
88
What delivers air directly to the lungs?
Bronchi
89
What portion of the brain is responsible for thought, emotion, and memory?
Cerebrum
90
What nerve extends to the ear and to the area from the top of the head to the temple?
auriculo temporal
91
What is the seventh cranial nerve, the primary motor nerve of the face, called?
facial nerve
92
What branch of the facial nerve extends to the muscles on the side of the neck?
cervical
93
What branch of the facial nerve extends to the muscles of the temple, the side of the forehead, the eyebrow, eyelid, and upper cheek?
temporal
94
What nerve of the arm extends down the thumb side of the arm into the back of the hand?
radial
95
What is secreted by the salivary glands to break down food?
enzymes
96
What is the system that eliminates solid, liquid, and gaseous waste products from the body?
excretory
97
What organ converts and neutralizes ammonia from the circulatory system to urea?
liver
98
What is a carefully balanced mechanism that directly affects hair growth, skin conditions, and energy levels?
endocrine system
99
The skin and its layers make up the ___ system.
integumentary
100
The two primary glands of the integumentary system are the ____ glands and the ____ glands.
sebaceous, sudoriferous

Esthetics (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions