ch 4

Question 1

refers to efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the

demands created by stress.

Answer 1

coping.

Question 2

passive behavior produced by exposure to unavoidable aversive events.

Answer 2

learned helplessness

Question 3

any behavior intended to hurt someone, either physi- cally or verbally

Answer 3

aggression.

Question 4

may determine whether we feel helpless or not

Answer 4

cognitive interpretation.

Question 5

view aversive events as “out of their

control” and give up.

Answer 5

pessimistic explanatory style.

Question 6

associated with increased distress.

Answer 6

behavioral disengagement.

Question 7

refer to the release of emotional tension

Answer 7

catharsis.

Question 8

acting aggressively produces.

Answer 8

more aggression.

Question 9

seeking alternative sources of satisfaction:

Answer 9

reduced impulse control.

Question 10

––“spending an
inordinate amount of time on the Internet
and inability to control online use”

Answer 10

internet addiction.

Question 11

People often become highly critical of themselves when stressed.

Answer 11

catastrophic thinking.

Question 12

It perpetuates negative emotional reactions

to stress.

Answer 12

blaming yourself.

Question 13

largely unconscious reactions that protect a person from unpleasant emotions such as anxiety and guilt.

Answer 13

defence mehanism.

Question 14

distortion of reality.

Answer 14

self deception.

Question 15

how can defense mechanism operate?

Answer 15

various levels of concisions

Question 16

is defense mechanism healthy and why?

Answer 16

no, •
They are avoidance strategies
They often involve “wishful thinking
May lead to poor health, although
a little self deception may be ok

Question 17

efforts to deal with stressful events that are judged to be relatively healthful.

Answer 17

constructive coping.

Question 18

are often
associated with catastrophic thinking,
which exaggerates the magnitude of our
problems.

Answer 18

Negative appraisals

Question 19

allow constructive coping.

Answer 19

positive appraisals.

Question 20

o therapy that focuses on altering clients’ patterns of irrational thinking to reduce maladaptive emotions and behavior.

Answer 20

rational emotive behavior.

Question 21

involves unrealistic appraisals of stress that exaggerate the magnitude of one’s problems.

Answer 21

catastrophic thinking.

Question 22

generating as many ideas as possible while withholding criticism and evaluation.

Answer 22

brainstorming.

Question 23

It is often helpful to seek aid from friends,

family, coworkers, and neighbors.

Answer 23

seeking help

Question 24

A common source of stress: feeling lack of

time

Answer 24

time management.

Question 25

consists of the ability to perceive and express emotion, use emotions to facilitate thought, understand and reason with emotion, and regulate emotion.

Answer 25

emotional intelligence

Question 26

Efforts to actively suppress emotions, esp.

anger, can increase stress and arousal.

Answer 26

expressing emotions

Question 27

” is associated

with better mood and health.

Answer 27

emotional disclosure

Question 28

When we feel “wronged”, we tend to hold
a grudge or seek revenge
–
Forgiving goes counter to this instinct, but
is associated with better adjustment and
well being.

Answer 28

Managing hostility and forgiving others

Question 29

Regular exercisers have increased
emotional control and less emotional
distress (Oaten & Cheng, 2006).

Answer 29

exercising.

Question 30

a family of mental exercises

where attention is focused nonanalytic ally

Answer 30

meditation.

Question 31

involves counteracting the nat- ural tendencies to seek vengeance or avoid an offender, thereby releasing this person from further liability for his or her trans- gression.

Answer 31

forgivness.

Question 32

tendency to delay tackling tasks until the last minute.

Answer 32

procrastination