Ch. 3 - Biological Psychology

Question 1

chromosomes

Answer 1

structures in the cellular nucleus that are lined with all of the genes an individual inherits

Question 2

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Answer 2

molecule formed in a double helix shape that contains 4 types of nucleotides

Question 3

gene

Answer 3

basic unit of heredity guide protein synthesis

Question 4

genotype

Answer 4

genetic makeup of an organism

Question 5

phenotype (2)

Answer 5

• observable characteristics, including physical structures and behaviours
• height: interaction between genotype and environment

Question 6

homozygous

Answer 6

when genes at a particular location are different on each chromosome

Question 7

heterozygous

Answer 7

when the genes at a particular location are different on each chromosome

Question 8

behavioural genetics

Answer 8

study of how genes and environment influence behaviour

Question 9

twin and adoption studies (3)

Answer 9

• monozygotic twins
• dizygotic twins
• heritability of 0 to 1 (measures degree to which genetics explains individual differences in a behaviour or trait)

Question 10

behavioural genomics (2)

Answer 10

• study of DNA and the ways in which specific genes are related to behaviour
• how traits are inherited (The Human Genome Project)

Question 11

myths in mind: single genes and behaviour (3)

Answer 11

• no single gene responsible (combinations of genes influence behaviour)
• one gene isn’t limited to one trait
• inheritance if a gene isn’t a guarantee

Question 12

evolutionary psychology

Answer 12

evolution can now be thought of as the change in frequency of genes occurring in an interbreeding population over generations

Question 13

attraction and symmetry (3)

Answer 13

• symmetrical faces perceived as attractive
• genetically programmed for symmetry
• individuals choose symmetry even when they can’t detect differences

Question 14

are sex differences hard wired in the brain? (2)

Answer 14

• different hormone levels do affect how the brain processes information (testosterone and mental rotation)
• environment always plays a role (women and math)