Ch 29 B Genetics

Question 1

Define karyotype

Answer 1

display of physical chromosomes from one cell

Question 2

Compare homozygous vs heterozygous.

Answer 2

2 identical alleles vs 2 diff alleles for same genetic trait.

Question 3

Compare dominant vs recessive.

Answer 3

allele expressed when present vs allele only expressed when dominant trait is absent

Question 4

Compare genotype vs phenotype.

Answer 4

genetic makeup of a person vs physical expression in a person

Question 5

What are segregation and independent assortment?

Answer 5

seg-sep of alleles for same trait due to random separation of chromosomes during meiosis.
IA-distribution of gene occurs randomly regardless of other genes

Question 6

What is non disjunction? What does it cause?

Answer 6

failure of proper chromosome segregation resulting in abnormal chromosome numbers.
Polysomatic dz’s.(most relate to gender)

Question 7

What is the example for incomplete dominance?

Answer 7

Homozygous-RR (red) and WW (white)

Heterozygous-RW (pink)

Question 8

How does a sickle cell carrier appear?

Answer 8

SS-normal
ss-sickle cell anemia
Ss-CARRIER

Question 9

What is codominance?

Answer 9

2 alleles are expressed fully without blending

Question 10

ABO blood typing is multiple allele with ________ of A and B alleles. How do these blood types appear?

Answer 10

codominance

Type O=ii
Type A=I^A I^A or I^Ai
Type B=I^B I^B or I^B i
Type AB=I^A I^B

Question 11

Define polygenic.

Answer 11

Multiple genes one trait

Question 12

Define pleiotropy.

Answer 12

One gene many traits

Question 13

Define autosome.

Answer 13

all chromosomes that function independent of sex (1-22)