Ch. 22 Qal Participle Flashcards
What are the three major uses of the participle?
- attributive (the consuming fire)
- predicatively (the fire is consuming)
- substantival (the one who consumes)
What are the verbal and adjectival properties of a participle?
- stem
- voice
- gender
- number
What is the diagnostic feature of the Qal active participle?
The Holem/Holem Waw after the first consonant
קֹטֵל / קוֹטֵל
What Qal active weak verbs follow the strong verb pattern?
- I-Guttural
- I-Nun
- I-Yod
- Geminate
What Qal active weak verbs fail to follow the full pattern, but still contain the Holem vowel and inflectional endings?
- II-Guttural
- III-ח/ע
- III-Aleph
- 3-Hey
What is the only class of weak verbs that fail to appear with the diagnostic Holem vowel of the Qal Participle?
Bicon
What are the semantic clues a participle is being used adjectively? And how is it translated?
- function as an adjective (follows noun and agrees in gender, number, and definiteness)
- wither -ing or relative clause
What are the semantic clues a participle is being used as a predicate? What tense is the translation?
- agrees in gender and number but is never definite and usually will follow the noun
- the tense is taken from context
How should the substantival participle be translated?
as a relative clause
What nounal properties will a substantive participle possess?
- can be subject
- object
- pronominal suffix
- prepositional prefix
- appear in construct chains
- take definite articles
What is the diagnostic feature of the Qal passive participle?
Shureq after middle consonant
קָטוּל / קָטֻל
What is an adverb?
- word that modifies, describes, limits, or qualifies
2. a verb, adjective, or another adverb
What are the four general categories of adverbs?
- time (then, now)
- place (here, there)
- degree (very, extremely)
- manner (swiftly, gently)
Certain adverbs of time [for example: (אָז / טֶ֫רֶם)] may be followed by an Imperfect, how should the imperfect be translated?
as a perfect
What are some characteristics of the Act. Ptc. strong verb?
- ms: Tsere on stem vowel
- fs: characteristics of Segholate with Taw ending
- remainder: VS for vowel stem
What are some characteristics of the Act. Ptc. 3-Hey verb?
- Hey’s drop out
- Holem initial vowel for all
- ms: Seghol Hey ending (בֹּנֶה)
- fs alt.: Hireq Yod + dagesh before fem. ending (בֹּנִיָּה)
- remainder: typical endings
What are some characteristics of the Pass. Ptc. strong verb?
- All: Shureq/Qibbuts for all stem vowels
- ms: Qamets (קָתוּל)
- Remainder: VS initial and normal gendered endings (קְתוּלִים)
How is the active ptc. formed for the Bicon?
- Qal Perfect 3ms serves as the base (קָם)
2. Add typical gendered endings for remainder (קָמוֹת)
What are some characteristics of the Pass. Ptc. 3-Hey verb?
- Heys drop out and Yod is added
- Shureq for every stem vowel
- ms: initial Qamets; all others VS (בָּנוּי)
- Remainder: normal gendered endings (בְּנוּיִים)
What is the Act. Ptc. fs form for the 3-ח/ע and the 3-א?
- שֹֹׁלַ֫חַת
2. מֹצֵאת
How are Bicon passive participle verbs formed?
With the Shureq as the medial vowel letter, regardless of lexical medial vowel letter
