Ch. 2: The Vowels Flashcards
Name, pronunciation and transliteration (1)

Qamets
father
ā
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Tsere
they
ē
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Holem
role
ō
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Pathach
bat
a
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Seghol
better
e
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Hireq
bitter
i
Name, pronunciation and transliteration (2)

Qamets Hatuf
bottle
o
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Qibbuts
ruler
u
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Hateph Pathach
amuse
ǎ
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Hateph Seghol
metallic
ě
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Hateph Qamets
commit
ǒ
What are long vowels often called?
“Changeable” long vowels
What are vowel letters sometimes called?
Historically long vowels
When is a vowel letter written with a He used?
Only used at the end of a word.
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Qamets He
father
â
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Tsere He
they
ê
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Seghol He
better
ê
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Holem He
role
ô
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Holem Waw
role
ô
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Shureq
ruler
û
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Tsere Yod
they
ê
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Seghol Yod
better
ê
Name, pronunciation and transliteration

Hireq Yod
machine
î
Define defective writing
When vowel letters are written without their consonant
Define full writing
When vowel letters are written with their consonants
What are the three patterns of defective writing?
- Holem Waw to Holem (בֹּ < בּוֹ)
- Shureq to Qibbuts (בֻּ < בּוּ)
- Hireq Yod to Hireq (בִּ < בִּי)
What are the two types of Shewa?
Silent Shewa and Vocal Shewa
Describe the Silent Shewa
It has a zero value and is never pronounced and never transliterated
Describe the Vocal Shewa
It has a hurried pronunciation and sounds like the a in amuse. It is transliterated as an upside down e or superscript e.
For which consonants does the Holem sometimes combine with?
Sin and Shin
There is a rule that “all syllable initial consonants must be followed by a vowel.” How does this help with the Holem combining with Sin and Shin?
If there is a consonant without a vowel, but there is a following Sin or Shin, the Holem has likely combined and now is hidden. (for example: ישְׁבִים
What is the effect of the Daghesh Forte?
The Daghesh Forte doubles the consonant in which it occurs.
Which consonants can the Daghesh Forte not occur in?
Alef, Ayin, He, Het and Resh
Which are the unchangeable long vowels?
Vowel letters written with Waw (Holem Waw, and Shureq)
and Yod (Tsere Yod, Seghol Yod, Hireq Yod).
Name all the long vowels
Qamets
Tsere
Holem
Name all the short vowels
Pathach
Seghol
Hireq
Qamets Hatuf
Qibbuts
Name all the reduced vowels
Hateph Pathach
Hateph Seghol
Hateph Qamets
Name all the vowels that go with ה
Qamets, Tsere, Holem, Seghol
Name all the vowels that go with ו (Waw)
Holem, Shureq,
Name all the vowels that go with י (Yod)
Tsere, Seghol, Hireq
How do you transliterate a vowel letter?
With a small arrow pointing up over the letter
What are the most common vowel letters in Hebrew
Hireq Yod, Holem Waw, Shureq