ch 2 brain and nervous system test

Question 1

MISSED QUESTION: which area of the body has the largest number of sensory neurons?

Answer 1

lips

Question 2

if your teacher accused you of cheating on a test, your adrenal glands would probably release _______ into your bloodstream

Answer 2

epinepherine

Question 3

a synapse is a….

Answer 3

space between a sending and recieving neuron

Question 4

Psychologist Michael Gazzaniga asked split-brain patients to stare at a dot as he flashed “HE.ART” on a screen. HE appeared in the left visual field, ART in the right visual field. When asked, patients said they saw:

Answer 4

ART

Question 5

The speed at which a neural impulse travels is increased when the axon is encased by an intact:

Answer 5

myelin sheath

Question 6

When Malia was a child, a brain disease required the surgical removal of her left cerebral hemisphere. Malia is now a successful high school student who lives a normal life. Her success best illustrates the importance of:

Answer 6

plasticity

Question 7

While you are hiking in the mountains, a rattlesnake slithers across your trail. Which of the following triggers the “fight or flight” response, increasing your heart rate and blood pressure, as you run away?

Answer 7

sympathetic nervous system

Question 8

MISSED: Researchers conducted an experiment on baboons by inserting a wire into the reticular activating system (RAS) that produced a mild electrical current. The researchers stimulated the RAS while the baboons were performing different tasks. Which of the following operational definitions would be most easily replicated by other researchers trying to duplicate the experiment?

Answer 8

The baboons heart rates were measured by a monitor attached to their chest before and after the RAS was stimulated

Question 9

The medulla’s main function is control of _____________ and the cerebellum to control _____________.

Answer 9

breathing, walking

Question 10

Which endocrine gland regulates the balance of insulin?

Answer 10

pancreas

Question 11

Blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain?

Answer 11

visual cortex in the occipital lobe

Question 12

Kara thinks she sees a spider on the floor of her bathroom. She is extremely afraid of spiders. Upon further inspection, though, she realizes the “spider” is only a ball of hair. Which of the following nervous systems would be responsible for calming her down after she realizes the ball of hair is not a spider?

Answer 12

parasympathetic nervous system

Question 13

Which term relates to the impaired ability or use of language?

Answer 13

aphasia

Question 14

Sleep researchers who are interested in brain wave activity are likely to use which kind of brain scan?

Answer 14

EEG

Question 15

Molecules that are similar enough to a neurotransmitter to bind to its receptor sites on a dendrite and block that neurotransmitter’s effects are called what?

Answer 15

antagonists

Question 16

The parietal lobes are to ___________ as the occipital lobes are to _____________.

Answer 16

sensing touch, seeing

Question 17

Neurosurgeons sever the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce or eliminate:

Answer 17

epileptic seizures

Question 18

Which part of your brain receives information that you are moving your legs?

Answer 18

sensory cortex

Question 19

For you to be able to run, ___________ must relay messages from your central nervous system to your leg muscles.

Answer 19

motor neurons

Question 20

At the age of 26, Ms Tammy was less than 4 feet tall. Her short stature was probably influenced by the lack of a growth hormone produced by the:

Answer 20

pituitary gland

Question 21

The tremors of Parkinson’s disease result from the death of nerve cells that produce the neurotransmitter:

Answer 21

dopamine

Question 22

People who have severe damage to the frontal lobe of the brain seldom regain their ability to:

Answer 22

make and carry on plans

Question 23

James Olds discovered that rats would willingly cross an electrified floor in order to electrically stimulate areas within their:

Answer 23

hypothalmus

Question 24

An institutional review board (IRB) rejected a proposal for research where participants requesting to lesion Wernicke’s Area in otherwise healthy individuals to study the resulting speech comprehension issues. Which of the following is the most likely ethical consideration for rejecting the study?

Answer 24

protection from harm

Question 25

Direct stimulation of the motor cortex would be most likely to result in:

Answer 25

movement of the mouth and lips

Question 26

Severing a cat’s reticular formation from higher brain regions causes the cat to:

Answer 26

fall into a coma

Question 27

MISSED: The most effective way to look at the structure and detect enlarged fluid-filled brain regions in some patients who have schizophrenia is to use a(n):

Answer 27

MRI scan

Question 28

Which brain structure receives information from all the senses except smell?

Answer 28

Thalmus

Question 29

Researchers measured changes in neural firing in the frontal lobes for ten rats that were exposed to stimulants. The researchers used an MRI that indicates brain activity with colors. Normal brain activity is indicated by greens and yellows. High brain activity is indicated by reds and oranges. Low brain activity is indicated by grays and blues. All the rat’s brains showed normal activity prior to being exposed to the stimulant.

What type of study was being conducted by the researcher?

Answer 29

experiment

Question 30

The ovaries in females and the testis in males are part of the

Answer 30

endocrine system

Question 31

MISSED: Which of the following occurs when a neuron is stimulated to its threshold?

Answer 31

neurotransmitters are released from the dendrites

Question 32

Which of the following is a testable hypothesis using operational definitions about people who have undergone split-brain surgery to help control severe epilepsy?

Answer 32

Split-brain patients will not be able to name an object placed in their left visual field.

Question 33

Jose has just played a long, bruising football game but feels little fatigue or discomfort. His lack of pain is most likely caused by the release of:

Answer 33

endorphins

Question 34

The minimum level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse is called the:

Answer 34

threshold

Question 35

Alzheimer’s disease is most closely linked to the deterioration of neurons that produce:

Answer 35

acetylcholine

Question 36

MISSED: Resting potential is to action potential as ___________ is to ____________.

Answer 36

sensory neuron, motor neuron

Question 37

MISSED: Professor Zak conducts research on the relationship between the limbic system and sexual motivation. Her research interests best represent the psychological perspective known as:

Answer 37

biological psychology

Question 38

Stimulation of portions of the left temporal lobe of the brain during surgery will cause the patient to:

Answer 38

hear sounds

Question 39

The nineteenth-century theory that bumps on the skull reveal a person’s abilities and traits is called:

Answer 39

phrenology

Question 40

MISSED: Neurotransmitters are released from vesicles located on knob-like terminals at the end of the:

Answer 40

axon