Ch 2 Body Terms Flashcards
acu/o
sharp, sudden, severe
axill/o
armpit
carp/o
wrist
cib/o
meals
cutane/o
skin
duct/o
to lead, carry get carried away
flex/o
to bend
furc/o
forking, branching
isch/o
to hold bag
mort/o
death
necr/o
death of cells or whole body
nect/o
to bind, tie, connect
neutr/o
neutrophil (WBC)
plas/o
formation, development
pub/o
pubis, pubic bone
seps/o
infection
the/o
to put, place
top/o
place, position, location
con-
together, with
ultra
beyond, excessive
-coccus
berry shaped bacteria
-cyesis
pregnancy
-drome
to run
-dynia
pain
-er
one who
-fusion
coming together, to pour
-lapse
to slide, fall, sag
-mission
to send
-ole
small, little
-or
one who
-partum
birth, labor
-phobia
fear
-phoria
to bear, carry; feeling
-physis
to grow
-therapy
treatment
-tic
pertaining to
-ule
little, small
-us
structure, substance
When – is above a vowel, the sound is ___
long, ex. ā as in āpe, õ as in õpen
When ˘ is above a vowel, the sound is ____
short. ex. ă as in ăpple
The ____ syllable is accented
capitalized
Fundamental unit of all living things
Cell
Surrounds and protects the cell; regulates what passes into and out of the cell
Cell membrane
Controls the operations of the cell; directs cell division and determines the structure and function of the cell
Nucleus
Rod-like structures within the nucleus
Chromosomes
All human body cells except the sex cells contain ___ pairs of chromosomes
23
Each sperm and each cell have __ unpaired chromosomes
23
When an egg and sperm cell unite to form the embryo, each cell of the embryo then has __ pairs
46
Chromosomes contain regions called ____
Genes
T or F. There are several thousand genes in an orderly sequence, on every chromosome
T
Each gene contains a chemical ___, which regulates the activities of the cell according to its sequence in each chromosome
DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid
Code that directs the activities of each cell such as cell division and synthesis of proteins
DNA sequence
Photograph of an individual’s chromosomes arranged by size, shape and number
Karyotype
Extra chromosome __ results in the development of a child with Down syndrome
21
Includes all of the material outside the nucleus and enclosed by the cell membrane; carries on the work of the cell; contains specialized apparatus to supply the chemical needs of the cell
Cytoplasm
Small sausage shaped bodies that provide the principal source of energy for cell; use nutrients and oxygen to release energy that is stored in food
Mitochondria
Chemical process where complex foods are broken down into simpler substances and energy is released by the mitochondria
catabolism
Network of canals within the cell that manufacture proteins for the cell
Endoplasmic reticulum
Attached to the ER; builds long chains of proteins
Ribosomes
Occurs in the ER; process of building large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids
anabolism
Important proteins for cell growth
Hormones and enzymes
Processes that make up the cell’s metabolism
Anabolism and catabolism
The total of the chemical processes occurring in a cell
Metabolism
Break down anabolism
Ana: up
Bol: cast
Ism: process
An ______ cell is square and flat to provide protection
Epithelial
____ cells are long and slender and contains fibers that aid in contracting and relaxing
Muscle
___ cells are long and have various fibrous extensions that help them carry impulses
Nerve
_____ cells contain large, empty spaces for fat storage
Fat
Group of similar cells working together to do a specific job
Tissue
Type of tissue located all over the body, forms the linings of internal organs and the outer surface of the skin covering the body
Epithelial
Why did epithelial originally refer to the tissue on the breast?
Epi: tissue on
Thelo: nipple
Type of muscle tissue found in arms and legs and parts of the body where movement is under conscious control
Voluntary
Type of muscle tissue found in the heart and digestive system that allows movement not under conscious control
Involuntary
Examples of connective tissue:
Adipose tissue? Cartilage, bone, blood
_____ tissue conducts impulses all over the body
Nerve
Cranio
Skull
Karyo
Nucleus
Ventro
Belly side of body
Meta
Change
-ose
Pertaining to, full of
-plasm
Formation
-some a
Bodies
-type
Picture, classification
A yo
Sharp severe
