Ch 11 Cardiovascular Flashcards
angi/o
vessel
aort/o
aorta
arter/o, arteri/o
artery
ather/o
yellowish plaque, fatty substance (athere means porridge in Greek)
atri/o
atrium, upper heart chamber
brachi/o
arm
cardi/o
heart
cholesterol/o
cholesterol
coron/o
heart
cyan/o
blue
myx/o
mucus
ox/o
oxygen
pericardi/o
pericardium
phleb/o
vein
rrhythm/o
rhythm
sphygm/o
pulse
steth/o
chest
thromb/o
clot
valvul/o, valv/o
valve
vas/o
vessel
vascul/o
vessel
ven/o, ven/i
vein
ventricul/o
ventricle, lower heart chamber
AAA
abdominal aortic aneurysm
ACS
acute coronary syndrome
AF
atrial fibrillation
AI
aortic insufficiency
AMI
acute myocardial infarction
AS
aortic stenosis
ASD
atrial septal defect
ASHD
arteriosclerotic heart disease
AV
atrioventricular
BBB
bundle branch block
BP
blood pressure
CABG
coronary artery bypass graft
CAD
coronary artery disease
CCU
coronary care unit
CHD
coronary heart disease
CHF
congestive heart failure
CPR
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CVP
central venous pressure
CVS
cardiovascular system
DOE
dyspnea on exertion
DVT
deep vein thrombosis
ECG/EKG
electrocardiogram
ECHO
echocardiography
HDL
high-density lipoproteins
HTN
hypertension
IABP
intra-aortic balloon pump
IVC
inferior vena cava
LAD
left anterior descending (coronary artery)
LDL
low-density lipoproteins
LVH
let ventricular hypertrophy
MI
myocardial infarction
NSTEMI
non-ST elevation myocardial infarction
PAD
peripheral artery disease
PD
posterior descending (coronary artery)
PCI
percutaneous coronary intervention
PDA
patent ductus arteriosus
PTCA
percutatneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
PVD
peripheral vascular disease
RCA
right coronary artery
RHD
rheumatic heart diease
RVH
right ventricular hypertrophy
SA
sinoatrial
SOB
shortness of breath
STEMI
ST elevation myocardial infarction
SVT
supraventricular tachycardia
UA
unstable angina
VF
ventricular fibrillation
VSD
ventricular septal defect
VT
ventricular tachycardia
xray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material
angiography
xray imaging of arteries after injection of contrast via a catheter into the aorta or an arterty
arteriography
3D xray images of heart and coronary arteries using computed tomography (64 slice CT scanner)
computed tomography angiography (CTA)
video equipment and a computer produce xray images of blood vessels
digital subtraction angiography (DSA)
electron and beams and CT identify calcium deposits in and around coronary arteries to diagnose early CAD
electron beam computed tomography (EBCT or EBT)
score derived to indicate future risk of heart attack and stroke
coronary artery calcium score
sound waves measure blood flow within blood vessels
doppler ultrasound studies
combines Doppler and conventional ultrasound to allow physicians to image the structure of blood vessels and measure speed of blood flow
duplex ultrasound
echoes generated by high-frequency sound waves produce images of the heart
echocardiography (ECHO)
transducer placed in the esophagus provides ultrasound and Doppler information
transesophageal echocardiography (TEE)
images show blood flow and myocardial function following uptake of radioative glucose
positron emission tomography (PET) scan
injected intravenously and taken up in cardiac tissue, where it is detected by scanning
technetium Tc 99m sestamibi sccan
concentration of radioactive thallium is measured to give info about blood supply to the heart muscle
thallium 201 scan
images of the heart are produced using radiowave energy in a magnetic field
cardiac MRI
type of MRI giving highly detailed images of blood vessels
magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)
thin, flexible tube guided into the heart via a vein or an artery
cardiac catheterization
recording of electricity flowing through the heart
electrocardiography (ECG)
continuous monitoring of a patient’s heart rhythm
telemetry
an ECG device worn during a 24 hour period to detect cardiac arrhythmias
holter monitoring
exercise tolerance test (ETT) that determines heart’s response to physical exertion
stress test
brief delivery of radiofrequency energy to destroy areas of heart tissue that may cause arrhythmias
catheter ablation
arteries and veins are anastomosed to coronary arteries to detour around blockages
coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)
brief discharges of electricity applied across the chest to stop dysrhythmias (ventricular fibrillation)
defibrillation
technique to lower energy to treat atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and supraventricular tachycardia
cadioversion
surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery
endarterectomy
heart lung machine diverts blood from the heart and lungs while the heart is repaired
extracorporeal circulation
donor heart transferred to recipient
heart transplantation
booster pump implanted in the abdomen with a cannula to the left ventricle
left ventricular assist device (LVAD)
balloon tipped catheter inserted into a coronary artery to open the artery; stents are put in place
percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
drugs to dissolve clots injected into the bloodstream of patients with coronary thrombosis
thrombolytic therapy
placement of a balloon expendable aortic heart valve into the vody via catheter
transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR)
