ch 19 blood pt 2 Flashcards
what are WBCs also called
leukocytes
WBCs characteristics
have nuclei
lacks hemoglobin
WBC function
defends body against pathogens
removing toxins
attacks abnormal cells
types of WBCs
granular and agranular
granular leukocytes
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
agranular leukocytes
monocytes
lymphocytes
neutrophils
most abundant WBC
-phagocytic wbc that’s the first to arrive at the site of injury,
degranulation
reduction in the number of cytoplasmic granules
eosinophils
engulf bacteria
attack large parasites
release enzymes that reduce inflammation
basophils
help defend your body from allergens by releasing histamine and heparin
histamine function
dilates blood vessels
heparin function
prevents blood clotting
monocytes
aggressive phagocytes that engulf large pathogens
lymphocytes
fight disease and infection
classes of lymphocytes
t cells
b cells
NK cells
T cells
responsible for cell mediated immunity: defense against invading foreign cells
B cells
responsible for humoral immunity: defense that involves antibodies
natural killer cells
responsible for immune surveillance: detection and destruction of abnormal cells
natural killer (NK) cells
responsible for immune surveillance: detection and destruction of abnormal cells
differential count of WBCs
examining a blood smear slide and determine the percentage of each specific type of WBC
WBC disorders (3)
leukopenia
leukocytosis
leukemia
leukopenia
low WBC count
leukocytosis
high WBC count
leukemia
cancer of the WBCs
leukopoiesis
WBC production
lymphocytopoiesis
production of lymphocytes
colony-stimulating factors
hormones that regulate WBC populations
platelets
aka thrombocytes
- cell fragments involved in clotting
platelet function
release chemicals important for the clotting process
temporarily patch damage vessel wall
thrombocytopoiesis
platelet production
where does thrombocytopoiesis occur
in red bone marrow produced by large cells called megakaryocytes
hemostasis
process of stopping bleeding
3 phases of hemostasis
vascular
platelet
coagulation
vascular phase
platelet phase
coagulation phase
factors that prevent blood clotting (4)
anticoagulants
heparin
thrombomodulin
prostacyclin
anticoagulants
substance that prevents blood clots
heparin
thrombomodulin
a natural coagulant
prostacyclin
bleeding and clotting extremes
thrombocytopenia
hemophilia
thrombophilia
deep vein thrombosis
thrombocytopenia
low platelet count
hemophilia
thrombophilia
deep vein thrombosis
Which blood type is called the universal donor?
O negative
which blood type is universal recipient
AB positive
Most abundant WBC
neutrophil
The only non-nucleated cell in the body
RBCs/erythrocytes
Which of the plasma proteins plays a role in disease resistance?
globulins
A megakaryoblast will develop into
a platelet
what is the precursor to neutrophils
myeloblasts
precursor to platelets
Megakaryoblast
serum
plasma w/o clotting factors
anemia
a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood is reduced.
