ch 19 - male reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

testes

A

male gonads, site of sperm production

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2
Q

scrotum

A

fleshy pouch that encloses the testes

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3
Q

male reproductive accessory glands

A

seminal glands, prostate, bulbo-urethral glands

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4
Q

seminal glands function

A

produce the fluids that will turn into semen

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5
Q

prostate function

A

small, donut-shaped gland below the bladder

creates fluids in your semen and force semen through your urethra when you ejaculate.

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6
Q

bulbo-urethral glands function

A

pea-size glands Below the prostate; ducts open into spongy urethra

-secretes a protective alkaline mucus that decreases sperm damage in the urethra
-AND lubricates the urethra

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7
Q

male external genitalia

A

penis and scrotum

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8
Q

muscles of the scrotum

A

dartos muscle and cremaster muscle

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9
Q

dartos muscle

A

layer of smooth muscle on the dermis of scrotum

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10
Q

cremaster muscle

A

skeletal muscle deep to the dermis that regulates the temperature of the testes

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11
Q

semineferous tubules

A

slender and tightly coiled tubules in the lobules of the testes

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12
Q

interstitial endocrine cells function

A

produce androgens

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13
Q

epididymis function

A

cooked tube that is the start of the male reproductive tract and site of sperm storage/maturation

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14
Q

vas deferens function

A

tube that travels from the epididymis and transports mature sperm to the urethra
- duct that empties into the urethra

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15
Q

prostate function

A

small round organ that produce the fluid that nourishes and transports sperm (seminal fluid).

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16
Q

semen

A

mixture of sperm and seminal fluid

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17
Q

penis

A

tubular organ for sex and urine

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18
Q

foreskin

A

fold of skin surrounding the tip of the penis

19
Q

spermatogenesis

A

process of sperm production and formation of haploid sperm

20
Q

spermigenesis

A

physical maturation of sperm

21
Q

sertoli/nurse cells

A

cells that support spermatogenesis

22
Q

spermatogonia

A

stem cells that divide by mitosis to produce 2 daughter cells

23
Q

testosterone

A

main male sex hormone

24
Q

primary spermatocyte

A

a diploid (2n) cell that contains two sets of chromosomes, or 46 chromosome

25
Q

secondary spermatocyte

A

haploid (N) cells that contain half the number of chromosomes

-divides to produce spermatids during the second meiotic division of spermatogenesis

26
Q

spermiation

A

process by which mature spermatids are released from the supporting Sertoli cells into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule

27
Q

steps of spermatogenesis

A
  1. mitosis of spermatogonium
  2. meiosis 1
  3. meiosis 2
  4. spermiogenesis
28
Q

meisosis

A

type of cell division in which the number of chromosomes are halved in the daughter cells

29
Q

what happens and is produced during mitosis of spermatogonium?

A

produces primary spermatocyte (2n)

30
Q

what happens and is produced during meiosis 1

A

diploid cells become haploid cells and are called secondary spermatocytes, containing 23 chromosomes

31
Q

what happens and is produced during meiosis 2

A

the secondary spermatocytes yield 4 haploid SPERMATIDS, each containing 23 chromosomes

32
Q

what happens in spermiogenesis

A

physical maturation where the SPERMATIDS become a single MATURE spermatoza

33
Q

urethra function

A

transports both urine and semen from the penis

34
Q

the greater vestibular gland in females is analogus to what gland in males

A

bulbo-urethral gland

35
Q

vasectomy

A

litigation of vas deferens

36
Q

ability of sperm cells to move along the ductus deferns is due to

A

peristaltic waves

37
Q

interstitial cells

A

cells that produce testosterone in the testis

38
Q

testes are suspended from what structure

A

spermatic cord

39
Q

where in the testes do the sperm mature

A

epididymis

40
Q

which accessory gland produces 20 to 30 percent of semen volume

A

prostate gland

41
Q

which accessory gland neutralizes the acidity of semen before its ejaculated?

A

bulbo-urethral gland

42
Q

sperm travel to the exterior through the urethral regions in what sequence?

A

prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, spongy urethra

43
Q

The hormone that promotes spermatogenesis along the seminiferous tubules is

A

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)