Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

a + p 2 > ch 18 endocrine system > Flashcards

ch 18 endocrine system Flashcards

1
Q

direct communication

A

occurs between 2 cells of the same type that are in physical contact and exchange ions via gap junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

paracrine communication

A

chemical messengers transfer info from cell to cell within the same tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

autocrine communication

A

chemical messengers affect the same cells that secrete them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

endocrine communication

A

chemical messengers that travel in blood reach distant target cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

endocrine cells

A

release secretions into BLOOD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

exocrine cells

A

release secretions onto epithelial surfaces via ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what makes up the endocrine system? (7)

A

hypothalamus
pineal gland
pituitary gland
thyroid glands
parathyroid glands
thymus glands
adrenal glands
pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

hormone receptor

A

protein molecule to which a particular molecule binds strongly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

types of hormone receptor (2)

A

extracellular: on the plasma membrane

intracellular: inside the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

down regulation

A

decrease in number of hormone receptors
- cell becomes less sensitive to the hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

up regualtion

A

increase in number of hormone receptors
- cell becomes more sensitive to hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what controls the pituitary gland

A

hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the 5 hormones of the hypothalamus

A

gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
corticotropin releasing hormone (CRF)
thyroid releasing hormone (TRH)
prolactin inducing factor (PIF)
growth hormone releasing hormone (GH-RH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

GnRH and what it stimulates

A

gonadotropin-releasing hormone
- stimulates Follicle Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

CRF and what it stimulates

A

corticotropin releasing hormone
-stimulates adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

TRH and what it stimulates

A

thyroid releasing hormone
- stimulates the release of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

PIF and what it stimulates

A

prolactin inducing factor
- stimulates prolactin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

GH-RH and what it stimulates

A

growth hormone releasing hormone
- stimulates the release of growth hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

how is the pituitary gland divided

A

anterior and posterior lobe

20
Q

parts of the anterior pituitary gland

A

pars tuberalis
pars intermedia
pars distalis

21
Q

pituicytes

A

darkly stained cells in the posterior lobe

22
Q

what are the hormones of the anterior lobe (7)

A

FLATPEG

follicle stimualting hormone (FSH)
luteinizing hormone (LH)
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Prolactin
Endorphin
Growth Hormone

23
Q

follicle stimulating hormone function

A

stimulates sex organs

24
Q

luteinizing hormone function

A

releases testosterone in men, progesterone in women

25
Q

adenocrticotropic hormone (ACTH) function

A

acts on adrenal cortex/stimulates

26
Q

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

releases thyroid hormones t3 and t4 and acts on c cels to release calcitonin

27
Q

Prolactin

A

stimulates milk production in mammary glands

28
Q

Endorphin

A

inhibits perception of pain

29
Q

Growth hormone

A

stimulates cell growth and division

30
Q

hormones of the posterior lobe

A

Oxytocin and ADH

31
Q

how is the adrenal gland divided

A

medulla (inside)
cortex (outside)

32
Q

adrenal cortex zones

A

zona glomerulosa (outer)
zona fasciculata
zona reticularis

33
Q

what does the adrenal medulla produce

A

epinepherine and norepinepherine

34
Q

epinepherine and norepinepherine function

A

Increases BasalmMetabolic Rate; Heart Rate, respiratory rate

35
Q

what part of the ANS does the adrenal medulla work with

A

the sympathetic nervous system

36
Q

what does the adrenal cortex produce

A

produce corticosteroids, glucocorticoids

37
Q

exocrine pancreas

A

produces enzymes that digest out food (amylase, lipase)

38
Q

endocrine pancreas

A

produces 4 hormones that regulate blood sugar

39
Q

cells of endocrine pancreas

A

alpha, beta, gamma, f-cells

40
Q

alpha cells

A

release glucagon to increase blood glucose levels

41
Q

beta cells!

A

release insulin to decrease blood glucose levels

42
Q

pancreatic hormones

A

insulin and glucagon

43
Q

thymus

A

produces thymosin which promotes development and maturation of lymphocytes

44
Q

in thyroid gland, what cells produce calcitonin

A

parafollicular cells/C cells

45
Q

order of secretion from the thyroid

A

thyroid releasing hormone
thyroid stimulating hormone
t3 and t4

a + p 2 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions