CE 3

Question 1

When the COz concentration in the blood rises, the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve moves in which direction?

Answer 1

to the right

Question 2

Which structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea?

Answer 2

epiglottis

Question 3

Which cells of alveoli produce surfactant?

Answer 3

type 2 alveolar cells

Question 4

What is the primary method of carbon dioxide transport in the blood?

Answer 4

as bicarbonate ions in plasma

Question 5

Which of the following is a factor that does NOT affect hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen?

Answer 5

respiratory rate

Question 6

External respiration involves the…

Answer 6

diffusion of gases between the interstitial fluid and the external environment

Question 7

Which condition is characterized by inadequate surfactant production, causing alveolar collapse after each exhalation?

Answer 7

respiratory distress syndrome

Question 8

Which of the following describes a sudden, spasmodic contraction of the exhalation muscles that forcefully expels air through the nose and mouth?

Answer 8

sneezing

Question 9

Which gas law explains the pressure changes that happen during pulmonary ventilation?

Answer 9

Boyles Law

Question 10

Which of the following occurs when air enters the pleural cavity due to injury to the chest wall or rupture of alveoli, leading to the collapse of the lung?

Answer 10

pneumothorax

Question 11

the CO2 levels in blood decreases, pH wil…. and affinity of hemoglobin towards
oxygen…

Answer 11

increase, increase

Question 12

Which of the following represents the total of the residual volume and the expiratory reserve volume?

Answer 12

functional residual capacity

Question 13

Air moves out of the lungs when the pressure inside the lungs is…

Answer 13

greater than atmospheric pressure

Question 14

________ refers to the volume of air that can be inhaled beyond the normal tidal volume.

Answer 14

inspiratory reserve volume

Question 15

Which of the following statements about anatomical dead space is true?

Answer 15

It represents the volume of air that does not participate in gas exchange.

Question 16

The classic pathway of complement activation starts when the protein C1 binds to…

Answer 16

2 antibodies attached to an antigen

Question 17

Lacteals, which are specialized lymphatic capillaries, are….

Answer 17

necessary for the transport of dietary lipids.

Question 18

Which antibody class is predominantly present in sweat, tears, breast milk, and gastrointestinal secretions?

Answer 18

IgA

Question 19

Where does the lymph from the right foot drain into?

Answer 19

thoracic duct

Question 20

Genetic recombination creates diversity in which component(s) of the immune system?

Answer 20

MHC antigen and antigen receptor

Question 21

What type of adaptive immunity is produced by the intravenous administration of immunoglobulins?

Answer 21

Artificially acquired passive immunity

Question 22

The primary lymphoid tissues consist of…

Answer 22

both the bow and arrow and thymus

Question 23

Lymph fluid enters the venous circulation through the…

Answer 23

subclavian veins

Question 24

____ are stationary macrophages located in the liver.

Answer 24

stellate cells

Question 25

Histamine promotes blood flow and increases vascular permeability. This explains all the following changes during inflammation, except:

Answer 25

chemotaxis of phagocytes

Question 26

Leslie has a severe sore throat, and the lymph nodes in her neck are swollen. This suggests that:

Answer 26

the lymph nodes are containing a higher number of lymphocytes.

Question 27

a key protein involved in activating the alternative pathway of complement activation is:

Answer 27

properdin

Question 28

Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) is characterized by....

Answer 28

deficiency in both T and B cell function

Question 29

If a routine examination shows a high IgM titer for the mumps virus but a low IgG anti-mumps titer, it will indicate that the person...

Answer 29

was recently infected with mumps