ch 17: central nervous system stimulants Flashcards
what are the 3 categories of stimulants?
- amphetamines
- analeptics
- anorexiants
what are amphetamines used for?
- narcolepsy
- ADHD
- obesity
what category are xanthines under? what is another name?
- analeptics
- methylxanthine
what are the two types of xanthines?
- caffeine
- theophylline
how does caffeine keep us awake?
blocks the adenosine receptors
what does theophylline do? what patients are given this?
- stimulates respirations
- inhibits the enzyme phosphodiesterase
- used for asthma patients
what are anorexiants used for? are these drugs short or long term?
- weight loss
- short term
what transmitters are dysregulated in ADHD?
- serotonin (S)
- norepinephrine (NE)
- dopamine (DA)
what age does ADHD usually happen at? what gender is it most common in?
- 7 years old
- boys
what are characteristics of ADHD?
- inattentiveness
- inability to concentrate
- restlessness
- hyperactivity
- inability to complete tasks
- impulsivity
what is narcolepsy? what one medication is given for this?
- recurrent attacks of drowsiness and sleep during the daytime
- while performing daily tasks
- modafinil (schedule 4)
what is the mechanism of action of caffeine?
blocks the adenosine receptors
why would you give medicine for a respiratory reversal distress?
overdose of anesthesia
what are amphetamines used for? what are the side effects?
- brain and sympathetic nervous system
- cardiovascular effects, insomnia, anorexia, and diarrhea
what is methylphenidate used for? what schedule is it? what are the drug drug interactions? what happens when you give this with MAOI?
- affects changes in dopamine transport
- schedule 2
- ADHD, fatigue, narcolepsy
- increase sympathomimetic
- increase caffeine effects
- decrease effects of antihypertensives
- increase barbiturates, oral anticoagulants, and anticonvulsants
- with MAOIs hypertensives crisis increases
