Ch 12 Symptom validity and performance validity

Question 1

symptom validity

Answer 1

determine whether pt presents an accurate report of actual subjective experience

Question 2

performance validity

Answer 2

determine whether pts are demonstrating actual level of ability

Question 3

Heaton study (1978) about validity shows 2 findings

Answer 3

1) experienced clinicians cannot reliably discriminate test scores produced by non injured people stimulating impairment from those who had actual impairment due to brain injury
2) atypical patterns of performance that separate the 2 groups could be derived statistically; discriminant function analysis correctly classified 100% on halstead reitan/Wais, and 94% based on MMPI.

Question 4

MMPI 2 FBS and RBS for?

Answer 4

FBS, RBS - detection of exaggerated injury or physical illness in civil legal settings

Question 5

MMPI 2 Fb and Fp scales for?

Answer 5

detection of exaggeration of symptoms in criminal legal settings

Question 6

Does the PAI contain SVT scales sensitive to exaggeration of symptoms?

Answer 6

No, but MMPI does

Question 7

Example of symptom validity test

Answer 7

SIRS, Medical symptom validity test, SIMS

Question 8

PVT failure in adults accounts for ? of the variance on ability-based tests?

Answer 8

50%

Question 9

what is the failure rate of PVT and SVT in civil settings with external incentive?

Answer 9

40%

Question 10

what is the failure rate of PVT and SVT in criminal settings?

Answer 10

54% met criteria for malingering

Question 11

In peds clinical population, what’s the % of children presenting with non credible presentations?

Answer 11

3-5%

Question 12

What clinical group in pediatric population shows higher rates of non credible effort? What%?

Answer 12

concussion, 15%

Question 13

What percentage of adults in general meds and psychiatric settings exaggerate sx?

Answer 13

8

Question 14

Definition of malingering

Answer 14

fabrication and/or exaggeration of deficits in pursuit of an external incentive (e.g. money, avoidance of litigation)

Question 15

Failure of PVT or SVT does not mean malingering. T or F

Answer 15

T

Question 16

SP of a test is the percent of people

Answer 16

without the condition of interest correctly id’ed as not having the condition

Question 17

SN of a test is the percent of people

Answer 17

who actually have the condition of interest id’ed correctly as having the condition
important for ruling out the condition of interest

Question 18

PPP = diagnostic probability for the presence of dx when the person has the condition of interest

Answer 18

TP / TP + FP

Question 19

NPP = diagnostic probability for the absence of dx of malingering when the person does not have the condition of interest

Answer 19

TN/TN + FN

Question 20

Monte Carlo simulations problems?

Answer 20

overestimate FP compared to actual PVT pt performance

Question 21

Why does monte carlo simulations overestimate FP?

Answer 21

because it relies on normally distributed data

Question 22

PVT measures are often

Answer 22

skewed

Question 23

Goal of PVT is to minimize what?

Answer 23

false positives