Ch. 11 The Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea Flashcards
1
Q
prokaryotic domains
A
bacteria and archaea
2
Q
proteobacteria
A
includes most of the gram-negative chemoheterotrophs
3
Q
genera under proteobacteria
A
- Neisseria
- Pseudomonas
- Vibrio
4
Q
Neisseria characteristics
A
- aerobic
- gram negative
- inhabits mucous membranes
5
Q
Bacteria under Neisseria
A
N. gonorrheae (causes gonorrhea in reproductive tract)
N. meningitidis (type of meningococcal meningitis)
6
Q
Pseudomonas
A
- common in the environment
- opportunistic pathogens (pathogenic in compromised individuals)
- metabolically diverse; can grow in disinfectants, used in bioremediation
7
Q
Vibrio bacteria causing cholera
A
V. cholerae (cholera)
- pathogenic forms contain a phage coding for a toxin
- causes severe diarrhea (“rice water stools”) and dehydration
- treat by restoring fluids
8
Q
Enterobacteriales
A
- gram negative rods
- facultative anaerobes
- live in intestinal tract of animals (enterics)
- some are pathogenic, some are not
9
Q
coliforms are a member of …
A
enterics (both informal terms)
10
Q
coliforms
A
organisms that can ferment lactose
- indicators of fecal contamination
- ONPG coliform test detects this in water
11
Q
Enterobacteriales examples
A
E. coli
Salmonella
12
Q
Gram Positive Bacteria genera
A
- Clostridium
- Bacillus
- Staphylococcus
- Lactobacillus
- Streptococcus
13
Q
Clostridium
A
- obligate anaerobes
- make endospores
14
Q
Clostridium species and diseases
A
C. tetani (tetanus)
C. botulinum (botulism)
C. perfingens (gangrene)
C. difficile (occurs in immunocompromised individuals)
15
Q
Bacillus
A
- soil bacteria
- some produce endospores
- some produce antibiotics
- some produce insect pathogens and are used as pesticide
- some are pathogenic
