ch 11 Flashcards
cytoskeleton
cytoskeleton
protein based fibers that give the cell structure and shape
actin (microfilaments)
composed of actin
narrowest
cell movement
muscle contraction
aid in cell division
actin dimer
two proteins linked together
actin trimer
three proteins linked togetherp
polymerization
individual actin monomers linked together to form a polymer
plus end
end that gets added to
minus end
end that monomers leave
formin
protein that initiates an ACTIN polymer
Arp
actin-related protein
starts branch on side of actin filaments
actin bundles
parallel filaments
actin networks
NONparallel links
crosslinking proteins
mediates connections of actin networks and bundles
pseudopoda
“false foot”
extension that helps cells move
myosin
motor protein
muscles
muscle contractions
actin filaments are pulled by myosin
contractile ring
ring made of actin that forms when cells divide/split
microtubules
largest cytoskeletal component
large hollow tubes
cell movement
microtubules structure
alpha and beta tubulin
form dimer then join tube
centrosomes
cellular region where microtubules start
center of cell
microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs)
control microtubules
promote polymerization/growth
depolymerase
MAPs that promote shrinkage/depolymerization
can cause tubulins to leave PLUS end
where are vesicles transported along
microtubules
pulled along by motor proteins
dyneins
motor proteins that move towards minus end
kinesins
motor proteins that move towards plus end
what pulls chromosomes apart during cell division
microtubules
intermediate filament
several protein fibers wound together
keep organelles in place
resist tension and maintain cell shape
protofilament
tetramers link to form
wrap around each other to form a filament
where do intermediate filaments attach
desmosomes
