ch 11 Flashcards

cytoskeleton

1
Q

cytoskeleton

A

protein based fibers that give the cell structure and shape

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1
Q

actin (microfilaments)

A

composed of actin
narrowest

cell movement
muscle contraction
aid in cell division

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2
Q

actin dimer

A

two proteins linked together

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3
Q

actin trimer

A

three proteins linked togetherp

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4
Q

polymerization

A

individual actin monomers linked together to form a polymer

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5
Q

plus end

A

end that gets added to

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6
Q

minus end

A

end that monomers leave

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7
Q

formin

A

protein that initiates an ACTIN polymer

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8
Q

Arp

A

actin-related protein

starts branch on side of actin filaments

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9
Q

actin bundles

A

parallel filaments

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10
Q

actin networks

A

NONparallel links

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11
Q

crosslinking proteins

A

mediates connections of actin networks and bundles

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12
Q

pseudopoda

A

“false foot”

extension that helps cells move

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13
Q

myosin

A

motor protein
muscles

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14
Q

muscle contractions

A

actin filaments are pulled by myosin

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15
Q

contractile ring

A

ring made of actin that forms when cells divide/split

16
Q

microtubules

A

largest cytoskeletal component

large hollow tubes
cell movement

17
Q

microtubules structure

A

alpha and beta tubulin

form dimer then join tube

18
Q

centrosomes

A

cellular region where microtubules start

center of cell

19
Q

microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs)

A

control microtubules
promote polymerization/growth

20
Q

depolymerase

A

MAPs that promote shrinkage/depolymerization

can cause tubulins to leave PLUS end

21
Q

where are vesicles transported along

A

microtubules

pulled along by motor proteins

22
Q

dyneins

A

motor proteins that move towards minus end

23
Q

kinesins

A

motor proteins that move towards plus end

24
what pulls chromosomes apart during cell division
microtubules
25
intermediate filament
several protein fibers wound together keep organelles in place resist tension and maintain cell shape
26
protofilament
tetramers link to form wrap around each other to form a filament
27
where do intermediate filaments attach
desmosomes