ch 1 Flashcards
how many cell types are in humans
approx. 200
how many cells are in a human body
trillions
T or F: cells have the same DNA
true
what are the three domains of life
bacteria
archaea
eukaryotes
define bacteria
simple unicellular organisms
define archaea
distinct unicellular organisms
define eukaryotes
organisms with a nucleus
define prokaryotes
lack nucleus and membrane bound organelles
can eukaryotes be unicellular and multicellular
yes
define organelles
specialized structures in a cell that have a specific functions
cell membrane function
surround and protect cell
cytoskeleton function
cell skeleton that gives cell shape
nucleus function
hold DNA
mitochondria function
produce energy for cell
endoplasmic reticulum function
produce lipids and proteins
golgi function
sorts and ships proteins to destination
lysosome function
destroys unneeded cellular structures
scientists believe life began with ______
RNA molecules
E. Coli
bacterium
simple and fast growing
easy to manipulate
yeast
simple
unicellular eukaryote
C. elegans
nematodes
rice sized
simple
developmental biology
drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly
developmental biology
more complex than C. elegans
arabidopsis thaliana
simple plant
zebrafish
relatively complex
vertebrae
transplant development
mice
vertebrae
mammal
can be genetically engineered
closer to humans
animal/human cells
can be human relevant
used when live animals aren’t an option
cheap and easy
