ch 10 Flashcards
mitochondria
function of mitochondria
produce energy from glucose, fats, proteins
structure of mitochondria
outer membrane
inner membrane
intermembrane space
matrix
function of outer membrane
keep cytosol separate from mitochondria
contains channels that nutrients and ATP cross
inner membrane function
holds ETC
has channels
intermembrane space function
hydrogen ions get concentrated
H+ movement powers ATP production
matrix function
citric acid cycle occurs here
what pulls mitochondria together/apart
proteins
catabolism
break down molecules to get energy
metabolism
sum of chemical reactions in the body
anabolism
building up molecules from smaller ones
three main steps of glucose catabolism
- glycolysis
- citric acid cycle
- oxidative phosphorylation
goals of glucose catabolism
produce ATP
produce NADH and FADH2
electron carriers
molecules remove electrons from other molecules
gylcolysis
glucose is converted into TWO pyruvate molecules
also produces TWO ATP and TWO NADH molecules
occurs in cytosol
each step of glycolysis is catalyzed by
an enzyme
pyruvate is taken to mitochondria and converted into…
acetyl CoA
acetyl CoA is funneled into the…
citric acid cycle
citric acid cycle
happens in mitochondrial matrix
generates
3 NADH
1 FADH
2 CO2 (waste)
1 ATP
purpose of citric acid cycle
produce electron carriers
NADH and FADH2
oxidative phosphorylation
final step in the process of cellular respiration
where most of the ATP is produced
occurs in the mitochondria.
electron transport chain
chain pumps out H+
requires oxygen to function
ATP synthase
makes ATP
beta oxidiation
breaks fats down into acetyl CoA molecules
mitochondrial genome encodes…
13 proteins
tRNAs
rRNAs
mitochondria localization signal
amino acid sequence telling protein to go to mitochondria
Tom complex
channel in outer membrane that protein is fed through
Tim23 complex
channel in inner membrane that protein is fed through
phospholipid transfer proteins
take phospholipids to mitochondria
