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Swahili > Ch 10 > Flashcards

Ch 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Shoulder/s

A

Bega/mabega

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2
Q

Mosquito net/s

A

Chandarua/vyandarua

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3
Q

Intestine/s

A

Chango/machango

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4
Q

Stool, toilet/s, bathroom/s

A

Choo/vyoo

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5
Q

Doctor/s

A

Daktari/madaktari

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6
Q

Symptom/s

A

Dalili

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7
Q

Blood

A

Damu

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8
Q

Medicine/s, drug/s

A

Dawa

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9
Q

Knee/s

A

Goti/magoti

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10
Q

Thumb/s

A

Gumba

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11
Q

Particularly

A

Hasa

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12
Q

Hospital/s

A

Hospitali

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13
Q

Eye/s

A

Jicho/macho

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14
Q

Tooth/teeth

A

Jino/meno

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15
Q

Head/s

A

Kichwa/vichwa

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16
Q

Finger/s, toe/s

A

Kidole/vidole

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17
Q

Chest/s

A

Kifua/vifua

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18
Q

Prevention

A

Kinga

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19
Q

Thermometer/s

A

Kipima joto/vipima joto

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20
Q

Elbow/s

A

Kisugudi/visugudi

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21
Q

Hip/s

A

Kiuno/viuno

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22
Q

Dizziness

A

Kizunguzungu

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23
Q

Clinic/s

A

Kliniki

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24
Q

Throat/s

A

Koo/makoo

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25
Q

To write

A

Kuandika

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26
Q

To direct

A

Kuelekeza

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27
Q

To cause diarrhea

A

Kuharisha

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28
Q

To feel

A

Kuhisi

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29
Q

To cough

A

Kukohoa

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30
Q

To urinate

A

Kukojoa

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31
Q

Right

A

Kulia

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32
Q

To get, to obtain, to suffer (an illness)

A

Kupata

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33
Q

To sneeze

A

Kupiga chafya

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34
Q

To rest

A

Kupumzika

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35
Q

To decrease

A

Kupungua

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36
Q

To forget

A

Kusahau

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37
Q

To be troubled, to be disturbed

A

Kusumbuliwa

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38
Q

To vomit

A

Kutapika

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39
Q

To deliver, to give, to offer, to remove

A

Kutoa

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40
Q

To use

A

Kutumia

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41
Q

To hurt

A

Kuuma

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42
Q

To have a headache (3)

A

Kuumwa na kichwa

Kuhisi maumivu ya kichwa

Kicwha kinaniuma

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43
Q

To have a fever

A

Kuwa na homa

Homa: Fever

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44
Q

Perhaps

A

Labda

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45
Q

Frequently

A

Mara kwa mara

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46
Q

Disease/s ailment/s (2)

A

Maradhi

Ugonjwa/wagonjwa

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47
Q

Results

A

Matokeo

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48
Q

Pain

A

Maumivu

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49
Q

Mouth/s

A

Mdomo/midomo

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50
Q

Back/s

A

Mgongo/migongo

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51
Q

Leg/s, foot/feet

A

Mguu/miguu

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52
Q

Urine

A

Mkojo/mikojo

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53
Q

Arm/s, hand/s

A

Mkono/mikono

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54
Q

Heart/s

A

Moyo/mioyo

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55
Q

Nurse/s

A

Mwuguzi/wauguzi

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56
Q

Body/ies

A

Mwili/miili

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57
Q

Country/ies

A

Nchi

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58
Q

Skin

A

Ngozi

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59
Q

Lung/s

A

Pafu/mapafu

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60
Q

Nose/s

A

Pua

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61
Q

Neck/s

A

Shingo

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62
Q

Ear/s

A

Sikio/masikio

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63
Q

Needle/s, syringe/s

A

Sindano

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64
Q

Buttocks, backside

A

Tako/matako

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65
Q

Belly/ies, stomach/s

A

Tumbo/matumbo

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66
Q

Brain

A

Ubungo

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67
Q

Investigation/s

A

Uchunguzi/chunguzi

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68
Q

Tongue/s

A

Ulimi/ndimi

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69
Q

Uso/nyuso

A

Face/s

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70
Q

I wan’t to see the doctor

A

Ninataka kuonana na daktari

Kuonana: To see each other, to see one another

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71
Q

What’s troubling you?

A

Unasumbuliwa na nini?

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72
Q

I’ve burned myself

A

Nimeungua

Kuungua: To burn, to be on fire

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73
Q

I’ve cut myself

A

Nimejikata

Kukata: To cut

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74
Q

I think i broke my arm

A

Nafikiri nimevunjika mkono

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75
Q

To break (bones)

A

Kuvunjika

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76
Q

How do you feel?

A

Unahisi vipi?

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77
Q

I feel like my whole body hurts

A

Ninahisi mwili wote unaniuma

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78
Q

I feel weak

A

Ninahisi sina nguvu

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79
Q

Strength, force/s, power

A

Nguvu

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80
Q

I feel dizzy

A

Ninahisi kizunguzungu

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81
Q

I have a fever

A

Nina homa

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82
Q

I have diarrhea

A

Ninaharisha

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83
Q

I have a stomachache (3)

A

Tumbo linauma

Ninahisi maumivo ya tumbo

Linaniumwa na tumbo

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84
Q

I’m throwing up

A

Ninatapika

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85
Q

I have chest pains (3)

A

Kifua kinauma

Ninahisi maumivo ya kifua

Kinaniumwa na kifua

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86
Q

I’m coughing

A

Ninakohoa

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87
Q

Are you taking any medications?

A

Unatumia dawa yoyote?

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88
Q

I’m pregnant (2)

A

Nina mimba
Mimi ni mja mzito
(Mimba: Pregnancy, Conception, fetus. Mja mzito: ‘Foreign /other thick’)

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89
Q

Public hospital/s

A

Hospitali za serikali

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90
Q

Private hospital/s

A

Hospitali binafsi

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91
Q

Patient/s, sick person/people

A

Mgonjwa/wagonjwa

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92
Q

Prescription/s (Medical)

A

Cheti

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93
Q

Surgery (2)

A

Upasuaji

Operesheni

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94
Q

Specialized clinic

A

Kliniki maalum

Maalum: Special, famous/esteemed/distinguished, certainly..

95
Q

Specific

A

Maalum

-Specific diseases: Magonjwa maalum

96
Q

Referral hospital

A

Hospitali ya rufaa

97
Q

Zahanati

A

Medical dispensery (Place that distribute medicine and medical supplies)

98
Q

Health services

A

Huduma za afya

99
Q

To be admitted (To hospital)

A

Kulazwa

100
Q

Speedy recovery

A

Apone haraka

101
Q

How long have you been in the hospital?

A

Umelazwa tangu lini?
(Kumelazwa: To be admitted (hospital))
(Tangu: Since)

102
Q

Is there anything i can bring you?

A

Unahitaji kitu chochote nikuletee? (‘Do you need anything i bring?’)

103
Q

Health, well-being

A

Afya

-Matatizo ya afya: Health problems

104
Q

Malaria (2)

A

Homa ya malaria

Malaria

105
Q

Cholera

A

Kipindupindu

Ugonjwa wa kipindupindu

106
Q

AIDS

A

Ukimvi

107
Q

HIV

A

VVU

108
Q

Chronic, constant

A

-sugu

109
Q

To fail, to be unsuccessful

A

Kushindwa

110
Q

Environment, surroundings

A

Mazingira

111
Q

ili

A

In order that, so that + subjunctive

112
Q

Poor, miserable

A

Maskini

Can also be used as noun: Poor person, beggar, miserable wretched person

113
Q

To lack, to miss

A

Kukosa

114
Q

Nutrition

A

Lishe

115
Q

Excellence, quality, superiority, supremacy

A

Ubora

116
Q

To improve, to make better, to make supreme

A

Kuboresha

117
Q

Fine, excellent, better, best

A

Bora

118
Q

To guard/protect, to ward off

A

Kukinga

119
Q

Immune system/s

A

Mfumo wa kinga/mifumo ya kinga

120
Q

To treat, to cure, to heal

A

Kutibu

121
Q

Complicated, perplexing

A

Tatizo

122
Q

Entirely, completely

A

Kabisa

123
Q

It is common …

A

Ni jambo la kawaida ..
-Ni jambo la kawaida kusika mtu anasema kuwa amekula dawa lakini bado ana malaria - It is common to hear about people who have taken malaria medicine but still have malaria

124
Q

To be resistant

A

Kuwa sugu

-Wadudu wa malaria wanakuwa sugu kwa dawa (Malaria parasites have become resistant to the medications)

125
Q

Open your mouth

A

Fungua mdomo

126
Q

Close your mouth

A

Funga mdomo

127
Q

Mosquito spray

A

Dawa za kufukuza mbu

128
Q

Blood test

A

Uchunguzi wa damu

129
Q

Blood test result

A

Matokeo ya uchunguzi wa damu

130
Q

To be injected

A

Kupigwa sindano

131
Q

I am very sorry (To show sympathy)

A

Pole sana

132
Q

It’s possible that …

A

Inawezekana …

133
Q

It will be necessary to …

A

Itabidi …

Lazima is present tense

134
Q

Right hand

A

Mkono wa kulia

135
Q

I’m feeling weak / I have no strength

A

Ninahisi sina nguvu

136
Q

Not so good (As response to hujambo)

A

Sijambo kidogo

137
Q

How old are you?

A

Una miaka mingapi?

138
Q

Where do you live?

A

Unakaa wapi?

139
Q

What kind of problem do you have?/What’s the matter with you? (2)

A

Una tatizo gani?

Vipi unasumbuliwa na nini?

140
Q

Give me your right thumb (For taking blood sample …)

A

Lete kidole chako cha gumba cha mkono wa kulia (‘Give me finger yours of thumb of arm of right’)

141
Q

To give

A

Kupa

142
Q

Answer/s, reply/ies

A

Jibu/majibu

143
Q

To direct, to show way

A

Kuelekeza

144
Q

Not bad (As a response to habari gani)

A

Sio mbaya

145
Q

What is wrong with you? (‘What troubles you?’) (2)

A

Una tatizo gani?

Vipi unasumbaliwa na nini?

146
Q

Actually …

A

Kwa kweli

-Kwa kweli sijui ni maradhi gani (Actually i don’t know what’s wrong with me.)

147
Q

Describe how you feel to me (‘How do you feel’)

A

Unahisi vipi

148
Q

And there are periods where i feel dizzy

A

Na kuna wakati ninahisi kizunguzungu

149
Q

I have pain in the back (‘I feel pain in my back’)

A

Ninahisi maumivu ya mgongo

150
Q

Do you go the bathroom regularly? (Bathoom you get o=)

A

Choo unapata?

151
Q

Do you have chest pain? (2)

A

(Jee) una maumivu ya kifua?

(Jee) kifua kinauma?

152
Q

It seems …

A

Naona …

153
Q

It seems you have all the symptoms of malaria

A

Naona una kila dalili za malaria

154
Q

To show

A

Kuonyesha
-Pia matokeo yako ya uchunguzi wa damu yanaonesha una malaria (Also your results of the blood test shows you have malaria)

155
Q

To prescribe, to write to

A

Kuandikia

-Sasa nitakuandikia sindano nne za kwinini - Now i will prescribe four injections of quinine

156
Q

You’ll take them for four days

A

Utapiga kwa siku nne

157
Q

This is medicine for malaria and this is medicine for pain

A

Hizi hapa ni dawa za malaria na hizi hapa dawa za maumivu

158
Q

To forget

A

Kusahau

159
Q

You must not forget

A

Usisahau

160
Q

Mosquito body repellant

A

Dawa za kufukuza mbu
(Mbu: Mosquito)
(Kufukuza: To dismiss, to chase away, to drive out)

161
Q

Did you take any malaria prevention drugs?

A

Umewahi kula dawa za kinga?

Kuwahi: To venture, to undertake. Kinga: Preventive..

162
Q

Inawezekana ni hivyo

A

That’s possible

163
Q

Prevention drugs

A

Dawa za kinga

164
Q

Thin, skinny, narrow

A

-embamba

165
Q

Girl/s

A

Msichana/wasichana

166
Q

Vowel adjectives (-embamba, -eupe, -eusi) - Prefixes for M-Wa class

A

Mw- for singular and w- for plural

  • Ni msichana mwembamba (She is a skinny girl)
  • Nina paka mweusi na mbwa wawili weupe (I have a blak cat and two white dogs)

(m- and w- for consonants)

167
Q

Vowel adjectives (-embamba, -eupe, -eusi) - Prefixes for Ki-Vi class

A

Ch- and vy-

  • Juma ana kitabu kimoja chekundu na vitabu viwili vyeupe (Juma has one red book and two white books)
  • Hoteli ina vitanda vyembamba vyeupe (The hotel has narrow, white beds)

(ki- and vi- before consonants)

168
Q

Vowel adjectives (-embamba, -eupe, -eusi) - Prefixes for N class

A

Always ny-

  • Zawadi ana nywele nyeusi (Zawadi has black hair)
  • Ninaona nyumba nyekundu na nyumba nyeusi

(Quite irregular with adjectives beginning with consonants)

169
Q

Vowel adjectives (-embamba, -eupe, -eusi) - Prefixes for Ji-Ma class

A

j- in singular and m- in the plural

  • Mti huu una matunda meusi na majani membamba (This tree has black fruit and thin leaves)
  • Sina gari jekundu. Nina gari jeupe (I don’t have a red car; i have a white car)

(For consonants, adjectives agreeing with Ji-Ma usually take no prefix in the singular (with some exceptions) and ma- in the plural)

170
Q

Vowel adjectives (-embamba, -eupe, -eusi) - Prefixes for M-Mi class

A

mw- and my-

  • Nyumba ina mlango mweupe mwembamba (The house has a narrow white door)
  • Una mikono myembamba (You have thin arms)

(For consonants, adjective prefixes with this class are the same as the noun prefixes m- and mi-.)

171
Q

Causative extension - What

A

In English make + the basic verb, as in “make return” from “return”
In Swahili it is made by adding suffixes called extensions. I.e. “to make return” –> kurudisha (of kurudi) : To make return, to cause to reutnr, to bring back

172
Q

The causative extension - How to form (5)

A
  1. Take off the final vowel on the infinitive, and if the nearest remaining vowel is a, i, or u, then then causative extension takes the form -isha
    - Kurudi -> kurud + isha = kurudisha (To cause to return, to bring back) (Ali anarudisha vitabu - Ali is bringing back the books)
    - Kuzama (To drown) –> kuzam + isha = kuzamisha (To cause to drown, to sink). (Upepo umezamisha meli -The storm caused the ship to sink)
  2. If the nearest remaining vowel is e or o, then the causative extension takes the form -esha
    - Kusoma -> Kusom + esha = kusomesha (To cause to study, teach) (Mwalimu huyu anasomesha Kiswahili (This teacher teaches Swahili)
  3. Most verbs whose roots ends in -k undergo a slight modification when the causative extension is added. The -k changes to -sh and no further syllable is added
    -Kukumbuka -> kukumbusha (To remember -> to make remember). Picha hii inanikumbusha zamani (This picture reminds me of the past)
    (Note that the common verbs kuandika and kucheka are exceptions, their causative forms are kuandikisha (to register) and kuchekesha (to make laugh, to amuse)
  4. Some verbs insert a -z- in their causative forms, while the verb kulala changes its last consonant to -z. Also, if a verb root ends in -n, the causative is formed with -ny-
    - Kuuma -> kuumiza
    - Kulala -> kulaza
    - Kupona -> kuponya
  5. You can also form causative verbs from adjectives and nouns. Simply take off the final vowel, and add -isha if the nearest remaining vowel is a/i/u or -esha if the nearest remaining vowel is o/e
    - -safi -> kusafisha (clean -> to clean)
    - -bora -> kuboresha
173
Q

To borrow

A

Kukopa

174
Q

To remember

A

Kukumbuka

175
Q

Kuandika (to write) - Causative extension form

A

Kuandikisha (To register)

176
Q

Kucheka (to laugh) - Causative extension form

A

Kuchekesha (To make laugh, to amuse)

177
Q 
To hurt, to be painful 
Causative extension (To hurt, to cause pain)
A

Kuuma
Kuumiza
-Viatu vyangu vinaniumiza (My shoes are hurting me)

178
Q 
To sleep
Causative extension (To cause to sleep, to put to bed)
A

Kulala
Kulaza
-Dawa zinalaza (The drugs make you sleepy)

179
Q 
To get better, to recover
Causative extension (To make better, to cure)
A

Kupona
Kuponya
-Dawa hii inaponya malaria? (Does this medicine cure malaria?)

180
Q

Clean
To clean
(Follow pattern of causative extension of nouns/adjectives: “You can also form causative verbs from adjectives and nouns. Simply take off the final vowel, and add -isha if the nearest remaining vowel is a/i/u or -esha if the nearest remaining vowel is o/e”)

A

-safi

Kusafisha

181
Q

Good, better
To make better, to improve
(Follow pattern of causative extension of nouns/adjectives: “You can also form causative verbs from adjectives and nouns. Simply take off the final vowel, and add -isha if the nearest remaining vowel is a/i/u or -esha if the nearest remaining vowel is o/e”)

A

bora

Kuboresha

182
Q

Easy
To simplify
(Follow pattern of causative extension of nouns/adjectives: “You can also form causative verbs from adjectives and nouns. Simply take off the final vowel, and add -isha if the nearest remaining vowel is a/i/u or -esha if the nearest remaining vowel is o/e”)

A

Rahisi

Kurahisisha

183
Q

Meaning
To mean
(Follow pattern of causative extension of nouns/adjectives: “You can also form causative verbs from adjectives and nouns. Simply take off the final vowel, and add -isha if the nearest remaining vowel is a/i/u or -esha if the nearest remaining vowel is o/e”)

A

Maana
Kumaanisha
-Neno hili linamaanisha nini? (What does this word mean?)

184
Q

Reason, cause
To cause
(Follow pattern of causative extension of nouns/adjectives: “You can also form causative verbs from adjectives and nouns. Simply take off the final vowel, and add -isha if the nearest remaining vowel is a/i/u or -esha if the nearest remaining vowel is o/e”)

A

Sababu
Kusababisha
-Paa alisababisha ajali (The deer caused an accident)

185
Q

The subjunctive - What (3)

A

Polite form used to make

  1. Requests
  2. Suggestions
  3. Give directives
186
Q

The subjunctive - How to form

A
  1. If the verb ends in -a –> change it to -e and drop the tense infix
    - Anasoma - asome (He/he is reading - he/she should read)
    - Tunaenda - tuende/twende (let’s go)
  2. If the verb ends in another vowel, don’t change it to -e
    - Unajaribu - Ujaribu (you are trying - you should try)
  3. The ku is dropped in the monosyllabic verbs
    - Ninakula - nile (i eat - i should eat)
187
Q

Which words/phrases often go together with the subjunctive in sentences (4)

A
  1. Afadhali (It’s better to/to …., ought to …)
    - Afadhali twende hospitali (From kuenda) (It’s better that we go to the hospital)
  2. Lazima (It’s necessary that/to …, must ….)
    - Ni lazima utumie chandarua (From kutumia) (It’s necessary that you use a mosquito net)
    - Lazima unywe dawa (From kunywa) (It’s necessary that you take (“drink”) some medicine)
  3. Tafadhali (Please)
  4. Ni bora (It’s better that/to …)
    - Ni bora uowe (From kuowa) (It’s better that you get married (said to a man))
188
Q

To marry

A

Men: Kuowa (To marry)
Women: Kuolewa (To get married)

189
Q

The subjunctive - how to form negatives

A

Insert -si- between the subject prefix and the verb stem

  • Tusiende Mombasa (Let’s not go to Mombasa) (From kuenda)
  • Usipige picha hapa (Don’t take pictures here / You shouldn’t take pictures here) (From kupiga)
  • Usivute sigara (Do not smoke) (From kuvuta)

(This form is used to make negative suggestions, give negative commands, and so on.)

190
Q

Do not smoke (Command/Suggestion)

A

Usivute sigara
(Kuvuta: To smoke)
(Subjunctive)

191
Q

You should not eat meat

A

Usile nyama

From kula

192
Q

How to express a purpose clause (Usually with the phrase “in order to …” in English

  • They went to the hospital (in order) to see the doctor
  • He is studying Swahili (in order) to work in Kenya
A

Ili (In order that) + subjunctive

  • Walienda hospitali ili wamuone daktari
  • Anajifunza Kiswahili ili afanye kazi Kenya
193
Q

AIDS/HIV

A

Ukimwi

194
Q

Boy/s, young man/men, teenager/s, youth/s

A

Kijana/vijana

195
Q

To be infected, to be contaminated

A

Kuambukizwa
-Watu wengi, haswa vijana, wanaambukizwa na ukimwi na baadaye wanakufa (Many people, especially young, are infected by HIV and later die)

196
Q

To explain, to make clear

A

Kueleza

197
Q

To examine, to assess

A

Kupima

-Kupima joto - To take someone’s temperature

198
Q

Assessment, evaluation

A

Upimaji

199
Q

Shida

A

Problem/s, trouble/s, hardship/s

200
Q

Mashambani

A

In the fields, in the plantations

201
Q

Medical care

Medical treatment

A

Utibabu

Matibabu

202
Q

Deficit, shortage, lack

A

Ukosefu

203
Q

Knowledge, science, education

A

Elimu

204
Q

Enough, adequately

To be enough, to be adequate

A

Kutosha

Kutosha

205
Q

Sex

Safe sex

A

Jinsia

Jinsia safi

206
Q

Condom/s

A

Kondomu

207
Q

Infection/s

A

Ugonjwa wa kuambukiza/Magonjwa za kuambukiza

-Kuambukiza: To infect

208
Q

Poverty

A

Umaskini

209
Q

Ambao

A

Of amba- : who, which, that

210
Q

To get pregnant

A

Kupata mimba

211
Q

Some (2)

A

Baadhi ya …

Fulani
-Katika makabila fulani - In some tribes

212
Q

Tribe/s

A

Kabila/makabila

213
Q

Widow/s, widower/s

A

Mjane/wajane

214
Q

Heritage

A

Urithi

215
Q

N.k.

A

Etc.

216
Q

Proper, exact/accurate

A

Halisi

-Matibabu halisi - Proper treatment

217
Q

Hutokezea

A

You usually come across
-Tatizo jengine ambalo hutokezea mara kwa mara ni ugonjwa wa kipindupindu - The other problem which you ofen come across is cholera

218
Q

Mara kwa mara

A

Frequently, often

219
Q

Cholera

A

Ugonjwa wa kipindupindu

220
Q

To be caused (by)

A

Kusababishwa (na)

221
Q

Unsanitary water

A

Maji machafu

-chafu: dirty

222
Q

To cause/lead to (3)

A

Kusababisha
Kupelekea
Kuleta (To bring, to cause/lead to)

223
Q

Danger, risk, dangerous

A

Hatari

-Ujungwa huu ni hatari kwasababu … - This disease is dangerous because …

224
Q

At once, suddenly

A

Mara moja

225
Q

To lose (2)

A

Kupoteza
-Watu huweza kupoteza maisha mara moja - People can die within a short period

Kushindwa

226
Q

To vomit

A

Kutapika

227
Q

Body/ies

A

Mwili/miili

228
Q

To die, to separate/divorce

A

Kufariki

Kufa: To die

229
Q

To infect

To get infected/to catch a disease

A

Kuambukiza

Kuambukizwa

230
Q

To take precautions

A

Wana kinga

Hawana kinga - To not take/”have” preacautions

231
Q

To turn

A

Kugeuka

Kugeusha - To make turn around, to turn something around

232
Q

To make sure, to ensure

A

Kuhakikisha

233
Q

To put to sleep

A

Kulaza

Causative extension of kulala

234
Q

Tablet/s, capsule/s, pill/s

A

Tembe

Swahili (22 decks)

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