Ch 10 Flashcards
1
Q
Shoulder/s
A
Bega/mabega
2
Q
Mosquito net/s
A
Chandarua/vyandarua
3
Q
Intestine/s
A
Chango/machango
4
Q
Stool, toilet/s, bathroom/s
A
Choo/vyoo
5
Q
Doctor/s
A
Daktari/madaktari
6
Q
Symptom/s
A
Dalili
7
Q
Blood
A
Damu
8
Q
Medicine/s, drug/s
A
Dawa
9
Q
Knee/s
A
Goti/magoti
10
Q
Thumb/s
A
Gumba
11
Q
Particularly
A
Hasa
12
Q
Hospital/s
A
Hospitali
13
Q
Eye/s
A
Jicho/macho
14
Q
Tooth/teeth
A
Jino/meno
15
Q
Head/s
A
Kichwa/vichwa
16
Q
Finger/s, toe/s
A
Kidole/vidole
17
Q
Chest/s
A
Kifua/vifua
18
Q
Prevention
A
Kinga
19
Q
Thermometer/s
A
Kipima joto/vipima joto
20
Q
Elbow/s
A
Kisugudi/visugudi
21
Q
Hip/s
A
Kiuno/viuno
22
Q
Dizziness
A
Kizunguzungu
23
Q
Clinic/s
A
Kliniki
24
Q
Throat/s
A
Koo/makoo
25
To write
Kuandika
26
To direct
Kuelekeza
27
To cause diarrhea
Kuharisha
28
To feel
Kuhisi
29
To cough
Kukohoa
30
To urinate
Kukojoa
31
Right
Kulia
32
To get, to obtain, to suffer (an illness)
Kupata
33
To sneeze
Kupiga chafya
34
To rest
Kupumzika
35
To decrease
Kupungua
36
To forget
Kusahau
37
To be troubled, to be disturbed
Kusumbuliwa
38
To vomit
Kutapika
39
To deliver, to give, to offer, to remove
Kutoa
40
To use
Kutumia
41
To hurt
Kuuma
42
To have a headache (3)
Kuumwa na kichwa
Kuhisi maumivu ya kichwa
Kicwha kinaniuma
43
To have a fever
Kuwa na homa
| Homa: Fever
44
Perhaps
Labda
45
Frequently
Mara kwa mara
46
Disease/s ailment/s (2)
Maradhi
| Ugonjwa/wagonjwa
47
Results
Matokeo
48
Pain
Maumivu
49
Mouth/s
Mdomo/midomo
50
Back/s
Mgongo/migongo
51
Leg/s, foot/feet
Mguu/miguu
52
Urine
Mkojo/mikojo
53
Arm/s, hand/s
Mkono/mikono
54
Heart/s
Moyo/mioyo
55
Nurse/s
Mwuguzi/wauguzi
56
Body/ies
Mwili/miili
57
Country/ies
Nchi
58
Skin
Ngozi
59
Lung/s
Pafu/mapafu
60
Nose/s
Pua
61
Neck/s
Shingo
62
Ear/s
Sikio/masikio
63
Needle/s, syringe/s
Sindano
64
Buttocks, backside
Tako/matako
65
Belly/ies, stomach/s
Tumbo/matumbo
66
Brain
Ubungo
67
Investigation/s
Uchunguzi/chunguzi
68
Tongue/s
Ulimi/ndimi
69
Uso/nyuso
Face/s
70
I wan't to see the doctor
Ninataka kuonana na daktari
| Kuonana: To see each other, to see one another
71
What's troubling you?
Unasumbuliwa na nini?
72
I've burned myself
Nimeungua
| Kuungua: To burn, to be on fire
73
I've cut myself
Nimejikata
| Kukata: To cut
74
I think i broke my arm
Nafikiri nimevunjika mkono
75
To break (bones)
Kuvunjika
76
How do you feel?
Unahisi vipi?
77
I feel like my whole body hurts
Ninahisi mwili wote unaniuma
78
I feel weak
Ninahisi sina nguvu
79
Strength, force/s, power
Nguvu
80
I feel dizzy
Ninahisi kizunguzungu
81
I have a fever
Nina homa
82
I have diarrhea
Ninaharisha
83
I have a stomachache (3)
Tumbo linauma
Ninahisi maumivo ya tumbo
Linaniumwa na tumbo
84
I'm throwing up
Ninatapika
85
I have chest pains (3)
Kifua kinauma
Ninahisi maumivo ya kifua
Kinaniumwa na kifua
86
I'm coughing
Ninakohoa
87
Are you taking any medications?
Unatumia dawa yoyote?
88
I'm pregnant (2)
Nina mimba
Mimi ni mja mzito
(Mimba: Pregnancy, Conception, fetus. Mja mzito: 'Foreign /other thick')
89
Public hospital/s
Hospitali za serikali
90
Private hospital/s
Hospitali binafsi
91
Patient/s, sick person/people
Mgonjwa/wagonjwa
92
Prescription/s (Medical)
Cheti
93
Surgery (2)
Upasuaji
| Operesheni
94
Specialized clinic
Kliniki maalum
| Maalum: Special, famous/esteemed/distinguished, certainly..
95
Specific
Maalum
| -Specific diseases: Magonjwa maalum
96
Referral hospital
Hospitali ya rufaa
97
Zahanati
Medical dispensery (Place that distribute medicine and medical supplies)
98
Health services
Huduma za afya
99
To be admitted (To hospital)
Kulazwa
100
Speedy recovery
Apone haraka
101
How long have you been in the hospital?
Umelazwa tangu lini?
(Kumelazwa: To be admitted (hospital))
(Tangu: Since)
102
Is there anything i can bring you?
Unahitaji kitu chochote nikuletee? ('Do you need anything i bring?')
103
Health, well-being
Afya
| -Matatizo ya afya: Health problems
104
Malaria (2)
Homa ya malaria
| Malaria
105
Cholera
Kipindupindu
| Ugonjwa wa kipindupindu
106
AIDS
Ukimvi
107
HIV
VVU
108
Chronic, constant
-sugu
109
To fail, to be unsuccessful
Kushindwa
110
Environment, surroundings
Mazingira
111
ili
In order that, so that + subjunctive
112
Poor, miserable
Maskini
| Can also be used as noun: Poor person, beggar, miserable wretched person
113
To lack, to miss
Kukosa
114
Nutrition
Lishe
115
Excellence, quality, superiority, supremacy
Ubora
116
To improve, to make better, to make supreme
Kuboresha
117
Fine, excellent, better, best
Bora
118
To guard/protect, to ward off
Kukinga
119
Immune system/s
Mfumo wa kinga/mifumo ya kinga
120
To treat, to cure, to heal
Kutibu
121
Complicated, perplexing
Tatizo
122
Entirely, completely
Kabisa
123
It is common ...
Ni jambo la kawaida ..
-Ni jambo la kawaida kusika mtu anasema kuwa amekula dawa lakini bado ana malaria - It is common to hear about people who have taken malaria medicine but still have malaria
124
To be resistant
Kuwa sugu
| -Wadudu wa malaria wanakuwa sugu kwa dawa (Malaria parasites have become resistant to the medications)
125
Open your mouth
Fungua mdomo
126
Close your mouth
Funga mdomo
127
Mosquito spray
Dawa za kufukuza mbu
128
Blood test
Uchunguzi wa damu
129
Blood test result
Matokeo ya uchunguzi wa damu
130
To be injected
Kupigwa sindano
131
I am very sorry (To show sympathy)
Pole sana
132
It's possible that ...
Inawezekana ...
133
It will be necessary to ...
Itabidi ...
| Lazima is present tense
134
Right hand
Mkono wa kulia
135
I'm feeling weak / I have no strength
Ninahisi sina nguvu
136
Not so good (As response to hujambo)
Sijambo kidogo
137
How old are you?
Una miaka mingapi?
138
Where do you live?
Unakaa wapi?
139
What kind of problem do you have?/What's the matter with you? (2)
Una tatizo gani?
| Vipi unasumbuliwa na nini?
140
Give me your right thumb (For taking blood sample ...)
Lete kidole chako cha gumba cha mkono wa kulia ('Give me finger yours of thumb of arm of right')
141
To give
Kupa
142
Answer/s, reply/ies
Jibu/majibu
143
To direct, to show way
Kuelekeza
144
Not bad (As a response to habari gani)
Sio mbaya
145
What is wrong with you? ('What troubles you?') (2)
Una tatizo gani?
| Vipi unasumbaliwa na nini?
146
Actually ...
Kwa kweli
| -Kwa kweli sijui ni maradhi gani (Actually i don't know what's wrong with me.)
147
Describe how you feel to me ('How do you feel')
Unahisi vipi
148
And there are periods where i feel dizzy
Na kuna wakati ninahisi kizunguzungu
149
I have pain in the back ('I feel pain in my back')
Ninahisi maumivu ya mgongo
150
Do you go the bathroom regularly? (Bathoom you get o=)
Choo unapata?
151
Do you have chest pain? (2)
(Jee) una maumivu ya kifua?
(Jee) kifua kinauma?
152
It seems ...
Naona ...
153
It seems you have all the symptoms of malaria
Naona una kila dalili za malaria
154
To show
Kuonyesha
-Pia matokeo yako ya uchunguzi wa damu yanaonesha una malaria (Also your results of the blood test shows you have malaria)
155
To prescribe, to write to
Kuandikia
| -Sasa nitakuandikia sindano nne za kwinini - Now i will prescribe four injections of quinine
156
You'll take them for four days
Utapiga kwa siku nne
157
This is medicine for malaria and this is medicine for pain
Hizi hapa ni dawa za malaria na hizi hapa dawa za maumivu
158
To forget
Kusahau
159
You must not forget
Usisahau
160
Mosquito body repellant
Dawa za kufukuza mbu
(Mbu: Mosquito)
(Kufukuza: To dismiss, to chase away, to drive out)
161
Did you take any malaria prevention drugs?
Umewahi kula dawa za kinga?
| Kuwahi: To venture, to undertake. Kinga: Preventive..
162
Inawezekana ni hivyo
That's possible
163
Prevention drugs
Dawa za kinga
164
Thin, skinny, narrow
-embamba
165
Girl/s
Msichana/wasichana
166
Vowel adjectives (-embamba, -eupe, -eusi) - Prefixes for M-Wa class
Mw- for singular and w- for plural
- Ni msichana mwembamba (She is a skinny girl)
- Nina paka mweusi na mbwa wawili weupe (I have a blak cat and two white dogs)
(m- and w- for consonants)
167
Vowel adjectives (-embamba, -eupe, -eusi) - Prefixes for Ki-Vi class
Ch- and vy-
- Juma ana kitabu kimoja chekundu na vitabu viwili vyeupe (Juma has one red book and two white books)
- Hoteli ina vitanda vyembamba vyeupe (The hotel has narrow, white beds)
(ki- and vi- before consonants)
168
Vowel adjectives (-embamba, -eupe, -eusi) - Prefixes for N class
Always ny-
- Zawadi ana nywele nyeusi (Zawadi has black hair)
- Ninaona nyumba nyekundu na nyumba nyeusi
(Quite irregular with adjectives beginning with consonants)
169
Vowel adjectives (-embamba, -eupe, -eusi) - Prefixes for Ji-Ma class
j- in singular and m- in the plural
- Mti huu una matunda meusi na majani membamba (This tree has black fruit and thin leaves)
- Sina gari jekundu. Nina gari jeupe (I don't have a red car; i have a white car)
(For consonants, adjectives agreeing with Ji-Ma usually take no prefix in the singular (with some exceptions) and ma- in the plural)
170
Vowel adjectives (-embamba, -eupe, -eusi) - Prefixes for M-Mi class
mw- and my-
- Nyumba ina mlango mweupe mwembamba (The house has a narrow white door)
- Una mikono myembamba (You have thin arms)
(For consonants, adjective prefixes with this class are the same as the noun prefixes m- and mi-.)
171
Causative extension - What
In English make + the basic verb, as in "make return" from "return"
In Swahili it is made by adding suffixes called extensions. I.e. "to make return" --> kurudisha (of kurudi) : To make return, to cause to reutnr, to bring back
172
The causative extension - How to form (5)
1. Take off the final vowel on the infinitive, and if the nearest remaining vowel is a, i, or u, then then causative extension takes the form -isha
- Kurudi -> kurud + isha = kurudisha (To cause to return, to bring back) (Ali anarudisha vitabu - Ali is bringing back the books)
- Kuzama (To drown) --> kuzam + isha = kuzamisha (To cause to drown, to sink). (Upepo umezamisha meli -The storm caused the ship to sink)
2. If the nearest remaining vowel is e or o, then the causative extension takes the form -esha
- Kusoma -> Kusom + esha = kusomesha (To cause to study, teach) (Mwalimu huyu anasomesha Kiswahili (This teacher teaches Swahili)
3. Most verbs whose roots ends in -k undergo a slight modification when the causative extension is added. The -k changes to -sh and no further syllable is added
-Kukumbuka -> kukumbusha (To remember -> to make remember). Picha hii inanikumbusha zamani (This picture reminds me of the past)
(Note that the common verbs kuandika and kucheka are exceptions, their causative forms are kuandikisha (to register) and kuchekesha (to make laugh, to amuse)
4. Some verbs insert a -z- in their causative forms, while the verb kulala changes its last consonant to -z. Also, if a verb root ends in -n, the causative is formed with -ny-
- Kuuma -> kuumiza
- Kulala -> kulaza
- Kupona -> kuponya
5. You can also form causative verbs from adjectives and nouns. Simply take off the final vowel, and add -isha if the nearest remaining vowel is a/i/u or -esha if the nearest remaining vowel is o/e
- -safi -> kusafisha (clean -> to clean)
- -bora -> kuboresha
173
To borrow
Kukopa
174
To remember
Kukumbuka
175
Kuandika (to write) - Causative extension form
Kuandikisha (To register)
176
Kucheka (to laugh) - Causative extension form
Kuchekesha (To make laugh, to amuse)
177
```
To hurt, to be painful
Causative extension (To hurt, to cause pain)
```
Kuuma
Kuumiza
-Viatu vyangu vinaniumiza (My shoes are hurting me)
178
```
To sleep
Causative extension (To cause to sleep, to put to bed)
```
Kulala
Kulaza
-Dawa zinalaza (The drugs make you sleepy)
179
```
To get better, to recover
Causative extension (To make better, to cure)
```
Kupona
Kuponya
-Dawa hii inaponya malaria? (Does this medicine cure malaria?)
180
Clean
To clean
(Follow pattern of causative extension of nouns/adjectives: "You can also form causative verbs from adjectives and nouns. Simply take off the final vowel, and add -isha if the nearest remaining vowel is a/i/u or -esha if the nearest remaining vowel is o/e")
-safi
| Kusafisha
181
Good, better
To make better, to improve
(Follow pattern of causative extension of nouns/adjectives: "You can also form causative verbs from adjectives and nouns. Simply take off the final vowel, and add -isha if the nearest remaining vowel is a/i/u or -esha if the nearest remaining vowel is o/e")
bora
| Kuboresha
182
Easy
To simplify
(Follow pattern of causative extension of nouns/adjectives: "You can also form causative verbs from adjectives and nouns. Simply take off the final vowel, and add -isha if the nearest remaining vowel is a/i/u or -esha if the nearest remaining vowel is o/e")
Rahisi
| Kurahisisha
183
Meaning
To mean
(Follow pattern of causative extension of nouns/adjectives: "You can also form causative verbs from adjectives and nouns. Simply take off the final vowel, and add -isha if the nearest remaining vowel is a/i/u or -esha if the nearest remaining vowel is o/e")
Maana
Kumaanisha
-Neno hili linamaanisha nini? (What does this word mean?)
184
Reason, cause
To cause
(Follow pattern of causative extension of nouns/adjectives: "You can also form causative verbs from adjectives and nouns. Simply take off the final vowel, and add -isha if the nearest remaining vowel is a/i/u or -esha if the nearest remaining vowel is o/e")
Sababu
Kusababisha
-Paa alisababisha ajali (The deer caused an accident)
185
The subjunctive - What (3)
Polite form used to make
1. Requests
2. Suggestions
3. Give directives
186
The subjunctive - How to form
1. If the verb ends in -a --> change it to -e and drop the tense infix
- Anasoma - asome (He/he is reading - he/she should read)
- Tunaenda - tuende/twende (let's go)
2. If the verb ends in another vowel, don't change it to -e
- Unajaribu - Ujaribu (you are trying - you should try)
3. The ku is dropped in the monosyllabic verbs
- Ninakula - nile (i eat - i should eat)
187
Which words/phrases often go together with the subjunctive in sentences (4)
1. Afadhali (It's better to/to ...., ought to ...)
- Afadhali twende hospitali (From kuenda) (It's better that we go to the hospital)
2. Lazima (It's necessary that/to ..., must ....)
- Ni lazima utumie chandarua (From kutumia) (It's necessary that you use a mosquito net)
- Lazima unywe dawa (From kunywa) (It's necessary that you take ("drink") some medicine)
3. Tafadhali (Please)
4. Ni bora (It's better that/to ...)
- Ni bora uowe (From kuowa) (It's better that you get married (said to a man))
188
To marry
Men: Kuowa (To marry)
Women: Kuolewa (To get married)
189
The subjunctive - how to form negatives
Insert -si- between the subject prefix and the verb stem
- Tusiende Mombasa (Let's not go to Mombasa) (From kuenda)
- Usipige picha hapa (Don't take pictures here / You shouldn't take pictures here) (From kupiga)
- Usivute sigara (Do not smoke) (From kuvuta)
(This form is used to make negative suggestions, give negative commands, and so on.)
190
Do not smoke (Command/Suggestion)
Usivute sigara
(Kuvuta: To smoke)
(Subjunctive)
191
You should not eat meat
Usile nyama
| From kula
192
How to express a purpose clause (Usually with the phrase "in order to ..." in English
- They went to the hospital (in order) to see the doctor
- He is studying Swahili (in order) to work in Kenya
Ili (In order that) + subjunctive
- Walienda hospitali ili wamuone daktari
- Anajifunza Kiswahili ili afanye kazi Kenya
193
AIDS/HIV
Ukimwi
194
Boy/s, young man/men, teenager/s, youth/s
Kijana/vijana
195
To be infected, to be contaminated
Kuambukizwa
-Watu wengi, haswa vijana, wanaambukizwa na ukimwi na baadaye wanakufa (Many people, especially young, are infected by HIV and later die)
196
To explain, to make clear
Kueleza
197
To examine, to assess
Kupima
| -Kupima joto - To take someone's temperature
198
Assessment, evaluation
Upimaji
199
Shida
Problem/s, trouble/s, hardship/s
200
Mashambani
In the fields, in the plantations
201
Medical care
| Medical treatment
Utibabu
| Matibabu
202
Deficit, shortage, lack
Ukosefu
203
Knowledge, science, education
Elimu
204
Enough, adequately
| To be enough, to be adequate
Kutosha
| Kutosha
205
Sex
| Safe sex
Jinsia
| Jinsia safi
206
Condom/s
Kondomu
207
Infection/s
Ugonjwa wa kuambukiza/Magonjwa za kuambukiza
| -Kuambukiza: To infect
208
Poverty
Umaskini
209
Ambao
Of amba- : who, which, that
210
To get pregnant
Kupata mimba
211
Some (2)
Baadhi ya ...
Fulani
-Katika makabila fulani - In some tribes
212
Tribe/s
Kabila/makabila
213
Widow/s, widower/s
Mjane/wajane
214
Heritage
Urithi
215
N.k.
Etc.
216
Proper, exact/accurate
Halisi
| -Matibabu halisi - Proper treatment
217
Hutokezea
You usually come across
-Tatizo jengine ambalo hutokezea mara kwa mara ni ugonjwa wa kipindupindu - The other problem which you ofen come across is cholera
218
Mara kwa mara
Frequently, often
219
Cholera
Ugonjwa wa kipindupindu
220
To be caused (by)
Kusababishwa (na)
221
Unsanitary water
Maji machafu
| -chafu: dirty
222
To cause/lead to (3)
Kusababisha
Kupelekea
Kuleta (To bring, to cause/lead to)
223
Danger, risk, dangerous
Hatari
| -Ujungwa huu ni hatari kwasababu ... - This disease is dangerous because ...
224
At once, suddenly
Mara moja
225
To lose (2)
Kupoteza
-Watu huweza kupoteza maisha mara moja - People can die within a short period
Kushindwa
226
To vomit
Kutapika
227
Body/ies
Mwili/miili
228
To die, to separate/divorce
Kufariki
| Kufa: To die
229
To infect
| To get infected/to catch a disease
Kuambukiza
| Kuambukizwa
230
To take precautions
Wana kinga
| Hawana kinga - To not take/"have" preacautions
231
To turn
Kugeuka
| Kugeusha - To make turn around, to turn something around
232
To make sure, to ensure
Kuhakikisha
233
To put to sleep
Kulaza
| Causative extension of kulala
234
Tablet/s, capsule/s, pill/s
Tembe
