Ch. 1 The Microbial World & You (Exam 1) Flashcards
You will find that most microorganisms are the { } forms (HINT: 2 words).
True cellular
What does it mean when we say that microorganisms are “ubiquitous?”
They are everywhere
What is endosymbiosis theory?
The idea that unicellular organisms gradually evolved into more complex multicellular organisms
Name 2 organelles that were once unicellular organisms according to endosymbiosis theory.
1) Mitochondria
2) Chloroplasts
Give 4 examples of why microbes are useful in biotechnology.
1) Agriculture
2) Medicine
3) Food
4) Industry
This late scientist coined the 3 domains of life.
Who is Carl Woese?
What are the 3 domains of life?
1) Archaea
2) Bacteria
3) Eukarya
Define prokaryotic.
Having no true nucleus or nuclear membrane
Do prokaryotes reproduce asexually or sexually?
Asexually
Give 2 examples of prokaryotes.
1) Bacteria
2) Archaea
Define eukaryotic.
Having a true nucleus
Do eukaryotes reproduce asexually or sexually?
Both
Give 3 examples of eukaryotes.
1) Fungi
2) Protozoa
3) Algae
What are 3 key characteristics of a virus?
1) Acellular
2) Nonmetabolic
3) Cannot reproduce without host
If viruses are acellular, what are they made of (HINT: 2 components)?
A protein coat and nucleic acid
What is the difference between heterotrophs and autotrophs?
Heterotrophs look to outside sources for food/nutrition while autotrophs can create their own food
What are the 3 basic bacterial shapes?
1) Bacillus
2) Coccus
3) Spiral
What shape is bacillus?
Rod
What shape is coccus?
Spherical
What shape is spiral?
Spiral :)
Archaea are known as extremophiles. What does this mean?
They survive in very extreme environments
What 3 methods of locomotion (movement) can protists use?
1) Pseudopods
2) Flagella
3) Cilia
Coined the term “cells” and created the first compound microscope (1665).
Who is Robert Hooke?
Coined the term “animalcules” and created the first simple single-lens microscope (1673).
Who is Anton van Leeuwenhoek?
