Ch. 1

Question 1

behavior

Answer 1

what people do and say

Question 2

environment

Answer 2

external and internal circumstances in which an organism exists

Question 3

stimuli

Answer 3

something in environment that results in change of B

Question 4

Why is behavior assumed to be determined (lawful)?

Answer 4

-organisms behave based on stimuli in enviro.
-B doesn’t happen w/o reason

-we’re free to make choices, but they’re influenced by histories
-focuses on identifying the controlling environmental variables of B

Question 5

What year was the Journal of ABA founded?

Answer 5

1968

Question 6

Baer, Wolf & Riseleys (1968) dimensions of behavior analysis

Answer 6

1. applied
2. behavioral
3. analytic
4. technological
5. conceptually systematic
6. effective
7. generalizable

Question 7

applied

Answer 7

TB is socially meaningful

Question 8

behavioral

Answer 8

target is measurable B

Question 9

analytic

Answer 9

experimental control is demonstrated, show that addition and removal of IV changed DV

Question 10

technological

Answer 10

methods/terms are described in a way that’s replicable

Question 11

conceptually systematic

Answer 11

procedures are based on basic principles on B

Question 12

effective

Answer 12

B changed by intervention

Question 13

generalizable

Answer 13

B occurs after intervention has ended, occurs in new settings or people

Question 14

dimensions

Answer 14

aspect of B that can be measured and modified

-frequency
-duration
-intensity
-latency

Question 15

frequency

Answer 15

of times B occurs

Question 16

duration

Answer 16

time when instance of B starts until it stops

Question 17

intensity

Answer 17

physical force in B

Question 18

latency

Answer 18

speed of B from some event to start of B

Question 19

overt behavior

Answer 19

action observed or recorded by person other than one engaged in B

Question 20

covert behavior

Answer 20

private events, not observable (i.e., thinking)

Question 21

behavior modification

Answer 21

applied science and professional practice concerned with ANALYZING and MODIFYING B

Question 22

analyzing

Answer 22

identifying functional relationships between environmental events and B to understand reasons for B

-determine why person behaved as they did

Question 23

modifying

Answer 23

developing and implementing procedures to help people change behavior with goal of improving aspect of person’s life

Question 24

target behavior

Answer 24

B to be modified

Question 25

behavior excess

Answer 25

undesirable B person wants to decrease in frequency, duration or intensity

Question 26

behavioral deficit

Answer 26

DESIRABLE target B the person wants to increase in frequency, duration or intensity

Question 27

behaviorism

Answer 27

guiding theoretical framework behind B modification developed by Skinner

Question 28

controlling variables

Answer 28

environmental events that influence the probability of the B

Question 29

Pavlov

Answer 29

uncovered processes of operant conditioning and demonstrated that a reflex (salivation) can be conditioned to a neutral stimulus (metronome) -> conditioned reflex

Question 30

Thorndike

Answer 30

law of effect (B that produces a favorable effect on the environment is more likely to be repeated)

-put cat in cage and set food outside, to open door cat had to hit lever, it learned and repeated

Question 31

Watson

Answer 31

asserted that observable B was the proper subject of psychology and B was controlled by environment

-described stimulus-response psychology as where environmental events (stimuli) elicited responses

-started behaviorism movement

Question 32

Skinner

Answer 32

explained distinction between respondent conditioning (reflex) and operant conditioning (B controls occurrence of B)

-work as foundation for modification

Question 33

rehabilitation

Answer 33

process of helping people regain normal function after injury or trauma