Ch. 1 Flashcards
behavior
what people do and say
environment
external and internal circumstances in which an organism exists
stimuli
something in environment that results in change of B
Why is behavior assumed to be determined (lawful)?
-organisms behave based on stimuli in enviro.
-B doesn’t happen w/o reason
-we’re free to make choices, but they’re influenced by histories
-focuses on identifying the controlling environmental variables of B
What year was the Journal of ABA founded?
1968
Baer, Wolf & Riseleys (1968) dimensions of behavior analysis
- applied
- behavioral
- analytic
- technological
- conceptually systematic
- effective
- generalizable
applied
TB is socially meaningful
behavioral
target is measurable B
analytic
experimental control is demonstrated, show that addition and removal of IV changed DV
technological
methods/terms are described in a way that’s replicable
conceptually systematic
procedures are based on basic principles on B
effective
B changed by intervention
generalizable
B occurs after intervention has ended, occurs in new settings or people
dimensions
aspect of B that can be measured and modified
-frequency
-duration
-intensity
-latency
frequency
of times B occurs
duration
time when instance of B starts until it stops
intensity
physical force in B
latency
speed of B from some event to start of B
overt behavior
action observed or recorded by person other than one engaged in B
covert behavior
private events, not observable (i.e., thinking)
behavior modification
applied science and professional practice concerned with ANALYZING and MODIFYING B
analyzing
identifying functional relationships between environmental events and B to understand reasons for B
-determine why person behaved as they did
modifying
developing and implementing procedures to help people change behavior with goal of improving aspect of person’s life
target behavior
B to be modified
behavior excess
undesirable B person wants to decrease in frequency, duration or intensity
behavioral deficit
DESIRABLE target B the person wants to increase in frequency, duration or intensity
behaviorism
guiding theoretical framework behind B modification developed by Skinner
controlling variables
environmental events that influence the probability of the B
Pavlov
uncovered processes of operant conditioning and demonstrated that a reflex (salivation) can be conditioned to a neutral stimulus (metronome) -> conditioned reflex
Thorndike
law of effect (B that produces a favorable effect on the environment is more likely to be repeated)
-put cat in cage and set food outside, to open door cat had to hit lever, it learned and repeated
Watson
asserted that observable B was the proper subject of psychology and B was controlled by environment
-described stimulus-response psychology as where environmental events (stimuli) elicited responses
-started behaviorism movement
Skinner
explained distinction between respondent conditioning (reflex) and operant conditioning (B controls occurrence of B)
-work as foundation for modification
rehabilitation
process of helping people regain normal function after injury or trauma
