Cerebrovascular anatomy

Question 1

first three branches off of internal carotid? what does it pass thru first?

Answer 1

OPA; ophtalmic, post communicating, ant choroidal. Cavernous sinus

Question 2

how does the internal carotid terminate

Answer 2

anterior cerebral and middle cerebellar

Question 3

where do the arteries that feed cerebellum branch off of

Answer 3

Sup cerebellar and AICA: basilar. PICA: vertebral

Question 4

Territory of Ant, middle and post cerebral

Answer 4

medial and frontal. Lateral + lentiform and caudate (majority of hemisphere). Occipital and medial temporal

Question 5

Lacunar stroke

Answer 5

small arteries thicken and occlude or rupture due to high pressure coming directly from large arteries. In pts with HTN

Question 6

Anterior cerebral artery Ischemic stroke: signs? In what part of body? speech? personality? other?

Answer 6

contralat weakness/numbness. Greater in leg. Speech preserved but slowed. Withdrawn. urinary incontinence

Question 7

Middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke on dominant hemisphere: signs, vision? speech?

Answer 7

contralat weakness/numbness in arm and face > leg. Contralat hemianopsia with gaze preference. Aphasia. Dysarthria

Question 8

Which hemisphere is usually dominant

Answer 8

left

Question 9

Middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke: signs, speech, other

Answer 9

contralat weakness/numbness in arm/face>leg. Constructional apraxia (no intonation). Inattention, neglect, gaze preference

Question 10

Post cerebral artery ischemic stroke

Answer 10

contralat visual field loss, dyschromatopsia, visual spatial problems. Minimal motor/sensory deficit

Question 11

Vertebrobasilar ischemic stroke: symptoms and hallmark

Answer 11

dizziness, vertigo, diplopia, CN palsies, bilat limb weakness; crossed neuro deficits (ipsi CN, contra motor)

Question 12

Lateral medullary ischemic stroke

Answer 12

ipsi loss of facial pain/temp, contralat loss of pain/temp over body. Partial ipsilat loss of CN 5,9,10,11. Ipsilateral horners

Question 13

basilar artery occlusion

Answer 13

quadriplegia, coma, Locked-in syndrom (everything paralyzed but upward gaze

Question 14

Borderzone ischemic stroke: sign, cause

Answer 14

man in barrel syndrome. severe hypotension

Question 15

SSS thrombosis:due to ? results in?

Answer 15

venous HTN. Increased intracranial pressure (headaches, papilledema, lethargy), seizures

Question 16

CN palsies seen with pressure in cavernous sinus

Answer 16

3,4,V1, V2, 6 (most common)

Question 17

Spinal cord arteries

Answer 17

two post and one ant (supplies 2/3)

Question 18

Anterior spinal artery syndrome

Answer 18

Bilateral weakness and numbness. Affects anterior and lateral corticospinal tracts, lateral spinothalamic tract