Cellular Transport Y9

Question 1

What is the definition of Diffusion?

Answer 1

This is the net movement of particles from a high to low concentration through a partially permeable membrane until a dynamic equilibrium is reached.

Question 2

What is the definition of Osmosis?

Answer 2

The movement of water from a high to a low concentration through a partially permeable membrane until a dynamic equilibrium is reached

Question 3

What is the definition of Active Transport?

Answer 3

This is the net movement of molecules or ions from a low to high concentration gradient.

Question 4

How are the molecules and ions able to move to a high concentration gradient in Active Transport?

Answer 4

It uses energy from respiration and carrier proteins.

Question 5

What is an example of Diffusion?

Answer 5

Oxygen from the air into the blood in the alveoli

Question 6

What is an example of Osmosis?

Answer 6

Water from the soil in the root hair cell

Water from the colon into the blood

Question 7

What is an example of Active Transport?

Answer 7

Mineral ions from the soil into the root hair cell

Question 8

What are the four factors affecting Diffusion?

Answer 8

Temperature
Surface Area
Conc. Gradient
Diffusion Pathway

Question 9

Explanation of Temp affecting Diffusion?

Answer 9

Increased Kinetic Energy
Particles move faster
A greater proportion of successful collisions per s

Question 10

Explanation of SA affecting Diffusion?

Answer 10

Greater area for particles to move across
More Particles move across
Increases the chances of successful collisions

Question 11

Explanantion of Conc. Gradient affecting Diffusion?

Answer 11

Greater difference in concentration

Greater Chance in particles colliding

Question 12

Explanation of Diffusion Pathway affecting Diffusion?

Answer 12

Shorter distance for particles to move

Question 13

Explanation of diffusion of Oxygen?

Answer 13

O2 is moved by diffusion into the red blood cells from high concentration outside the cell to a low concentration inside the red blood cell until a dynamic equilibrium

Question 14

Explanation of Osmosis of Water? (Into a Potato)

Answer 14

Water is moved by osmosis from a high water potential in the solution to low water potential in the potato cell until a dynamic equilibrium is reached

Question 15

Explanation of Active Transport of Nitrate Ions? (Into a root Hair Cell)

Answer 15

Nitrate Ions are moved by active transport into the root hair cell against a concentration gradient using ENERGY (ATP) from respiration and a carrier protein. (Low Concentration Gradient to a High Concentration Gradient)

Question 16

What does the Sa;Vol Ratio show us?

Answer 16

How efficiently cells can move food water nutrients and gases in and out of the substance through a partially permeable membrane

Question 17

How to calculate the Sa:Vol?

Answer 17

Find the area of one square
Times it by 6
Find the volume (LxWxH)
Then simplify the ratio

Question 18

Example of Temperature affecting the rate of reaction?

Answer 18

Body Temp at 37c increases the rate of reaction within the body

Question 19

Example of Surface Area affecting the rate of reaction?

Answer 19

Villi/microvilli in the illeum Millions of Tiny Alevoli

Question 20

Example of Concentration Gradient affecting the rate of reaction?

Answer 20

Ventilation of Lungs/ flow of blood in the alveoli

Question 21

Example of Diffusion Pathway affecting the rate of reaction?

Answer 21

Wall of alveolus one cell thick Wall of villus one cell thick

Question 22

f the solution is more concentrated (lower water potential) than the potato, What will happen to the water?

Answer 22

The Water will move out of the potato and into the solution by osmosis

Question 23

If the solution is less concentrated (higher water potential) than the potato, What will happent to the water?

Answer 23

The water will move out of the potato and into the solution by Osmosis

Question 24

Similarities and Differencs between Osmosis and Diffusion?

Answer 24

Sim: High to Low Conc. Is passive
Diff: Osmosis involves water and focuses on how water enters or leaves the cell whereas Diffusion can focus on on how O2 moves into or out of a cell.

Question 25

Similarities and Dfferences between Diffusion and Active Transport?

Answer 25

Involves transport of Molecules or Ions
AT is against a conc. gradient
AT requires energy

Question 26

Similarities and Differences between Active Transport and Osmosis?

Answer 26

Needs a Semi-Permeable
Osmosis Involves Water Only
AT requires energy (ATP)

Question 27

Results of Osmosis in Animal Cells?

Answer 27

Osmosis into the cell causes Lysis (cell bursts) - no cell wall
Osmosis out of the cell causes cell Shrivels

Question 28

Results of Osmosis in a Plant Cell?

Answer 28

Osmosis into a plant cell helps prevent lysis

Osmosis out of the plant cell leads to Falccidness

Question 29

What is a Partially Permeable Membrane?

Answer 29

Only let certain solutes molecules through. If the molecule is larger than the pores in the membrane it will not be able to diffuse across it. Cell membranes are good examples of PPMs.

Question 30

What happens if the potato and solution are isotonic?

Answer 30

There will be no net change in mass