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PMP 101 > Cells As Fundamental Units Of Life > Flashcards

Cells As Fundamental Units Of Life Flashcards

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1
Q

Levels of organisation in the human body…

A

Cell> tissue> organ> organ system> organism

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2
Q

What organisms exert all the life functions?

A

Unicellular

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3
Q

What organisms only exert few specialised functions?

A

Multicellular

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4
Q

What organisms are in all bacteria?

A

Unicellular

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5
Q

What organisms are in parasites, plants and animals?

A

Multicellular

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6
Q

What is the use of a light microscope?

A

To observe living cells in a tissue and some internal structures.

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7
Q

What is the use of a fluorescent microscope?

A

To visualise and monitor the localisation of labelled molecules within a cell or tissue.

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8
Q

What is the use of an electron microscope?

A

To obtain high resolution images, using a beam of electrons as the source of illuminating radiation.

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9
Q

Every cell has…

A

Plasma membrane
Cytosol
Ribosomes
DNA molecule (with genome)

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10
Q

What is the definition of macromolecules?

A

Polymers made by specific repeating molecular units, monomers.

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11
Q

What is the definition of monomer?

A

Building blocks that join to form polymers.

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12
Q

What 4 major organic molecules do cells of organisms contain?

A

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nuclei acids

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13
Q

What is the definition of anabolism?

A

Cells link monomers together to form a polymer through polymerisation or condensation reactions.

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14
Q

What is the definition of catabolism?

A

Polymers are broken down into smaller molecules by hydrolysis.

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15
Q

What two functions happen in metabolism?

A

Catabolism and anabolism.

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16
Q

What are the prokaryotic cells surface layers?

A

Plasma membrane
Cell wall
Glycocalyx

17
Q

What is the intracellular composition of prokaryotic cells?

A

Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Circular DNA
Inclusion bodies
Plasmids

18
Q

What are the appendages of a prokaryotic cell?

A

Flagellum
Pili/Fimbriae
Sex pilus

19
Q

What is the intracellular composition of eukaryotic cells?

A

Cytoplasm
Cytosol
Ribosomes
Cytoskeleton

20
Q

Plasma membrane is…

A

A lipid bilayer made of phospholipids and proteins.

21
Q

Cell wall is…

A

A rigid structure composed of peptidoglycans.

22
Q

Glycocalyx is…

A

A capsule or slime layer that protects against dehydration, immune system and antibiotics.

23
Q

What is the cytoplasm?

A

All the material inside the cell but outside the nucleus.

24
Q

What is the cytosol?

A

The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles.

25
Q

What are the ribosomes?

A

Cellular machinery for protein synthesis.

26
Q

What is the cytoskeleton?

A

Highly dynamic array of filaments proteins extending throughout the cytoplasm.

PMP 101 (28 decks)

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