cells and specialised cells

Question 1

cells are

Answer 1

the basic units of life

Question 2

function of cell membrane

Answer 2

controls passage of substances into and out of cell

Question 3

function of cytoplasm

Answer 3

site of all chemical reactions

Question 4

function of nucleus

Answer 4

contains genetic material and controls activities of the cell

Question 5

function of vacoule

Answer 5

• full of water to maintain shape and firmness
• contains cell sap (solution of mostly sugars)

Question 6

function of cell wall

Answer 6

prevents cell from bursting and helps maintain shape

Question 7

function of chloroplast

Answer 7

contains chlorophyll which absorbs sunlight needed for photosynthesis

Question 8

function of ribosome

Answer 8

synthesises proteins such as enzymes involved in respiration

Question 9

function of rough endoplasmic reticulum (ep.r with ribosomes attached)

Answer 9

packages and transports proteins made by ribosomes

Question 10

function of mitochondria

Answer 10

site of cellular (aerobic) respiration

Question 11

function of vesicles

Answer 11

transport and sometimes export proteins

Question 12

how are new cells made

Answer 12

division of existing cells

Question 13

function of red blood cell

Answer 13

carry oxygen throughout bloodstream

Question 14

adaptations of red blood cell

Answer 14

• haemoglobin which contains oxygen (oxyhaemoglobin)
• biconcave shape increases surface area for absorption
• flexible to easily push through capillaries
• small and many so large surface area

Question 15

function of root hair cell

Answer 15

uptake of water and mineral ions from the soil

Question 16

adaptations of root hair cell

Answer 16

long and tubular so
- make close contact with soil
- increase surface area for uptake

Question 17

function of nerve cell

Answer 17

carry nerve impulses throughout the body

Question 18

adaptations of nerve cell

Answer 18

• long and thin so can carry nerve impulses a great distance
• has a fatty sheath around axon for insulation so quicker transmission

Question 19

function of ciliated cell

Answer 19

movement of mucus in the trachea + bronchi

Question 20

function of sperm and egg cells

Answer 20

sexual reproduction

Question 21

function of palisade cell

Answer 21

photosynthesis

Question 22

define tissue

Answer 22

group of cells with similar structures working together to perform a shared function

Question 23

define organ

Answer 23

group of tissues working together to perform a shared/specific function

Question 24

define organ system

Answer 24

group of organs with similar functions working together to perform a specific function

Question 25

define organism

Answer 25

group of organ systems working together

Question 26

magnification formula

Answer 26

image size divided by actual size

Question 27

image size formula

Answer 27

magnification times actual size

Question 28

actual size formula

Answer 28

image size divided by magnification