animal transport Flashcards
1
Q
circulatory system
A
system of blood vessels with a pump and valves to ensure one way flow of blood
2
Q
single circulation of fish
A
- blood is pumped from heart to gills where it gets oxygenated
- distributes oxygen to internal organs
- returns to heart with CO2
- heart pumps it to gills where CO2 is lost
3
Q
it’s called single circulation because
A
blood passes though the heart once
4
Q
double circulation of mammals
A
- blood pumped from heart to lungs (right)
- oxygenated blood enters left side and is pumped to rest of body
5
Q
it’s called double circulation because
A
blood passes through the heart twice
6
Q
advantages of double circulation
A
- no mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
- maintains 2 pressure circulation (low in pulmonary + high in systematic) so blood is transported efficiently
7
Q
blood is carried away from heart in
A
arteries
8
Q
blood is carried to heart in
A
veins
9
Q
ways to monitor heart activity
A
- ECG
- measuring pulse
- listening to valves closing
10
Q
coronary heart disease
A
blockage in coronary artery due to build up of fats on artery walls
11
Q
vessel that supplies heart with oxygen
A
coronary arteries
12
Q
6 risk factors of CHD
A
- diet (high fat intake)
- sex
- genetic predisposition)
- smoking (nicotine encourages fat deposition)
- stress (adrenaline hormone constricts artery walls)
- lack of exercise
13
Q
role of diet + exercise in reducing CHD risk
A
- too much fat intake can make it build up on artery walls causing occlusion
- reduce intake of fats to reduce risk
- since heart is like any muscle exercise will maintain its health
- increasing exercise also reduces risk
14
Q
thickness of left and right ventricle walls
A
- left wall has thicker muscle because it has to pump blood to whole body at high pressure
- right side has to pump to the nearby lungs only
15
Q
thickness of atria compared to ventricles
A
- atria need to only pump blood to the below ventricles so its thin
- ventricles need to pump blood further so they’re thicker
