Cell Signaling ILM Flashcards

1
Q

Target receptors are on the same cell. Signaling to itself (releases the extracellular signal and also has receptors for that signal)

A

autocrine signaling

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2
Q

Ligand on signaling cell binds to target cell receptors (not floating in space, displaying to the cell next door)

A

juxtacrine signaling

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3
Q

o Cytokines by T helper cells upregulate T helper cell activity
what type of signaling is this?

A

autocrine signaling

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4
Q

o Interactions between T lymphocytes and APCs

what type of signaling is this?

A

juxtacrine signaling

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5
Q

Target sites are on adjacent cells, the extracellular signaling molecule floats around and then finds the receptor. Rapid breakdown of the ligand helps prevent distant effects.

A

paracrine signaling

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6
Q

o Cytokines secreted by T helper cells upregulate activity of macrophages
what type of signaling is this?

A

paracrine signaling

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7
Q

Target sites are on distant cells (ex: hormones through blood stream). what kind of signaling is this?

A

endocrine signaling

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8
Q

Cytoplasmic domain (when activated by ligand-binding on extracellular side of receptor) bind a GTP binding protein (G protein). The G protein dissociates into active components that activate an effector molecule (ex – AC). This recruits second messengers (such as cAMP). What receptor type is this?

A

G-protein coupled receptor

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9
Q

when bound by the appropriate ligand, change conformation in such a way that a channel opens up across the membrane and allows ions to enter or leave the cell.

A

ligand gated ion channels

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10
Q

phosphorylated by a cytoplasmic kinase that interacts with the ligand-bound receptor OR self-activates by becoming phosphorylated when the receptor is bound by ligand. Phosphorylation of this receptor initiates cascade of kinase-mediated phosphorylation events that regulate gene expression.

A

kinase-linked receptors

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11
Q

Lipid-soluble signaling molecules can diffuse across the plasma membrane into the cell. They bind to receptors in the cytoplasm (commonly in nucleus). The ligand-bound receptor then functions to alter gene expression and protein synthesis.

A

intracellular receptors

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12
Q

remove phosphate groups

A

phosphotases

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