9.12 EBDM Basic Statistics Flashcards

1
Q

Measure that pertains to the population, almost always unobservable. Characteristic of a population. Describes the entire population

A

parameter

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2
Q

Characteristic of a sample (measure based on a sample). We can use this to estimate a population parameter.

A

statistic

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3
Q

if there is a skew and the peak is to the right and the tail is to the left, it is a _____ skew

A

left

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4
Q

if there is a skew and the peak is to the left and the tail is to the right, it is a _____ skew

A

right

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5
Q

mean, median, and mode are measures of _______

A

location

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6
Q

range, inter-quartile range, variance, standard deviation are measures of ________

A

dispersion

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7
Q

how far the values are away from the mean. A larger _____ means more uncertainty

A

variance

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8
Q

square root of variance is _____

A

SD

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9
Q

repeated measurements give the same/similar results. is this reliability or validity?

A

reliability

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10
Q

when a tool measures what it is supposed to, the “truth” it is ______.

A

valid

concept of validity

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11
Q

what is Intra-rater reliability

A

measure once by one person, measure again by same person and it is around the same

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12
Q

what is inter-rater reliability?

A

measure once by one person, measure again by another person - same/similar results

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13
Q

temporal reproducibility:

A

measure today, measure tomorrow, same/similar results

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14
Q

do reliable results mean the data is valid?

A

no

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15
Q

does a measure have to be reliable to be valid?

A

yes

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16
Q

there are two TYPES of measurement: what are they?

A

categorical and continuous

17
Q

there are four LEVELS of measurement, what are they?

A

nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio

18
Q

a nominal level of measurement is ________ (categorical or continuous?). What does it measure?

A

categorical

measures categories that have no order (occupation, gender, eye color, blood type)

19
Q

an ordinal level of measurement is _______ (categorical or continuous?). What does it measure?

A

categorical

measures categories that have an order/direction (pain - poor, excellent, OK…. size small, medium, large)

20
Q

an interval level of measurement is _______ (categorical or continuous?) what does it measure?

A

either categorical or continuous

data on a scale with an arbitrary 0 point and quantitative differences between two measurements (temperature, etc)

21
Q

in interval levels of measurement, is a ratio meaningful? is a range?

A

a ratio is NOT meaningful and a range is.

22
Q

a ratio level of measurement is _________ (categorical or continuous?) what does it measure?

A

either categorical or continuous.
measures something with a true/absolute zero point where ratio between two is meaningful (blood pressure, weight, cholesterol)

23
Q

what level of measurement would you use for something that you think of as “twice as much, three times as much”

A

ratio level of measurement

24
Q

on a scatterplot, you can see _______ between two variables

A

correlation

25
Q

the LINEAR relationship between two variables on a scatterplot is called what?

A

the correlation coefficient

26
Q

what are the two extremes of the correlation coefficient for a scatterplot?

A

-1 to 1

27
Q

if there is no significant correlation coefficient for a scatterplot does that mean there is no correlation?

A

NO, it could be a non-linear correlation

28
Q

___________ is the technique to study if a dependent variable changes with an independent variable

A

regression

29
Q

linear regression analysis can _______ dependent variable using the independent variable

A

predict

30
Q

in ____________ analysis, one postulates the statistical model that two variables, X and Y are related by a straight line

A

linear regression

31
Q

the best fitting line between the points assuming two variables are linearly related

A

regression line