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Foundations Exam 3 > 9.24 Drugs in Foundations ILM > Flashcards

9.24 Drugs in Foundations ILM Flashcards

1
Q

prednisone is a type of _________. what is it used for? is it oral or topical?

A

steroid
pain relief and anti-inflammation
oral

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2
Q

clotrimazole:

class
mechanism of action
A

anti-fungal

inhibits fungal ergosterol synthesis

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3
Q

nystatin:

class
mechanism of action
A

anti-fungal
binds ergosterol, forms membrane pores
topical

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4
Q

ketorolac:

class
purpose
mechanism of action
A

NSAIDs
pain reliever and anti-inflammation
reversible COX inhibition (AA pathway, inhibiting COX and conversion to prostaglandins, etc.)

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5
Q

NSAIDs are used for 2 things:

A

pain relief and anti-inflammation

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6
Q

nafcillin:

class
mechanism of action
A

antibacterial (antibiotic)

ring that inhibits the cell wall formation in gram + bacteria

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7
Q

imiquimod:

class
mechanism of action
use
A

immune response modifier
stimulates innate immune cells via TLR, causing cytokine increase
can treat BCC, actinic keratoses, genital warts topically

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8
Q

terbinafene:

class
mechanism of action
A

anti-fungal
inhibits fungal enzyme for ergosterol syndrome
oral

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9
Q

aspirin:

class
purpose
mechanism of action
A

NSAID
pain and inflammation
irreversible COX inhibition

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10
Q

naproxen:

class
purpose
mechanism of action
A

NSAIDs
pain reliever and anti-inflammation
reversible COX inhibition (AA pathway, inhibiting COX and conversion to prostaglandins, etc.)

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11
Q

ketoconazole:

class
mechanism of action
topical or oral?
A

anti-fungal
inhibits fungal ergosterol synthesis
topical

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12
Q

griseofulvin:

class
mechanism of action
A

anti-fungal
interferes with microtubule function, disrupts mitosis
oral

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13
Q

gentamicin:

class
mechanism of action
A

antibacterial (antibiotics)
inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by inhibiting RNA translation into protein, binds to 30S ribosomal subunits

Gram -

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14
Q

cefazolin:

class
mechanism of action
A

antibacterial
inhibits cell wall biosynthesis

gram + bacteria

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15
Q

Steroids are used for 2 things:

A

pain relief and anti-inflammation

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16
Q

acyclovir:

class
mechanism of action
A

anti-viral

inhibits viral DNA polymerase

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17
Q

indomethacin:

class
purpose
mechanism of action
A

NSAIDs
pain reliever and anti-inflammation
reversible COX inhibition (AA pathway, inhibiting COX and conversion to prostaglandins, etc.)

18
Q

celecoxib:

class
purpose
mechanism of action
A

NSAIDs
pain reliever and anti-inflammation
irreversible COX2 inhibition

19
Q

triamcinolone is a type of ______. What is it used for? is it topical or oral?

A

steroid.
pain relief and anti-inflammation
topical

20
Q

tetracycline:

class
mechanism of action
A

antibacterial (antibiotic)
inhibits RNA translation to protein - no protein synthesis

Gram - and gram +

21
Q

isotretinoin:

class
mechanism of action
A

vitamin A analogue for acne

act at retinoic acid receptor (RAR), slows sebaceous gland proliferation and helps reduce inflammation

22
Q

dexamethasone is a type of _______. what is the mechanism of action? is it oral or topical?

A

steroid
increase levels of lipocortin, inhibits phospholipase A2, decreasing inflammatory mediators
oral

23
Q

sulfamethoxazole:

class
mechanism of action
A

antibacterial
blocks folic acid synthesis and thus blocks DNA synthesis

gram +

24
Q

acetaminophen and paracetamol:

class
purpose
mechanism of action
A

no classification
pain reliever and antipyretic
mechanism unknown but does have some COX inhibition

25
Q

tretinoin:

class
mechanism of action
A

vitamin A analogue for acne

act at retinoic acid receptor (RAR), slows sebaceous gland proliferation and helps reduce inflammation

26
Q

ciproflaxin:

class
mechanism of action
A

antibacterial
inhibits DNA gyrase (a topoisomerase), inhibiting bacterial cell division

Gram - and gram +

27
Q

penicillin:

class
mechanism of action
A

antibacterial (antibiotic)
inhibits the formation of the gram + bacterial cell wall

gram +

28
Q

vancomycin:

class
mechanism of action
A

antibacterial

inhibition of gram + bacterial cell wall synthesis

29
Q

permethrin:

class
mechanism of action
use
A

scabicides
insecticide - acts on arthropod Na+ channels and disrupts nerve and muscle function
topical treatment of scabies and lice

30
Q

hydrocortisone is a type of ______. what is it used for? os it oral or topical?

A

steroid
pain relief and anti-inflammation
topical

31
Q

metronidazole:

class
mechanism of action
A

antibacterial

damages DNA, inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

32
Q

what is the mechanism of action of steroids?

A

increases levels of lipocortin, inhibits PLA2, decreasing inflammatory mediators since arachidonic acid can’t be made. (AA pathway)

33
Q

ibuprofen is an _______ (class). Why is it used? What is its mechanism of action?

A

NSAID
pain and inflammation
reversible COX inhibition (AA pathway, COX converts AA to prostaglandins, prostacyclins, etc.)

34
Q

what is dexamethasone used for?

A

pain relief and anti-inflammation

35
Q

dapsone:

class
mechanism of action
A

antibacterial

blocks folic acid synthesis and thus blocks DNA synthesis

36
Q

amphotericin B:

class
mechanism of action
A

anti-fungal
binds ergosterol, forms membrane pores
oral

37
Q

clindamycin:

class
mechanism of action
A

antibacterial (antibiotic)

disrupts protein synthesis

38
Q

what are some side effects of NSAIDS?

A

GI irritation, GERD, GI ulcers

some cardiovascular dysfunctions (stroke, MI), decreased kidney function

39
Q

what are some side effects of steroids?

A

prolonged use can lead to immunosuppression and Cushingoid (central obesity, moon face, hyperglycemia, osteoporosis).
Neuropsychiatric events

40
Q

what medication family could cause the side effect of Cushingoid?

A

steroids

41
Q

What are the side effects of isotretinoin?

A

potential for severe depression and suicide, teratogen, nose bleeds, dry skin, hair loss, GI disturbance, conjunctivitis, reduced night vision.

42
Q

what are the side effects of tretinoin?

A

teratogen, dry skin, nosebleeds, hair loss, GI disturbance, conjunctivitis, reduced night vision

Foundations Exam 3 (35 decks)

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