Cell Membrane Parts Flashcards
What are the 3 types of proteins in the fluid mosaic?
glycoprotein, integral proteins and peripheral proteins
Define amphipathic
both non-polar and polar
What are the 2 similarities between phospholipids and cholesterol?
- both amphipathic molecules
both lipids
What are peripheral proteins?
not in lipid bilayer; loosely attached on either side of the cell
hydrophilic w/ charged and polar side groups
What are the two types of integral proteins?
Non-transmembrane and transmembrane
Define nontransmembrane integral protein
halfway through the membrane
Define transmembrane protein
goes through the entire membrane
What are the two types of transmembrane proteins?
Channel proteins and protein pumps
Identify the nature of a channel protein
It is polar in the inside and all ions go through the channels. Each channel is specific to an ion
allows water to pass
Identify the nature of a carrier protein
It is for big polar molecules
What are glycoproteins?
oligosaccharides + protein
they are cell surface receptors
Describe cholesterol
It is an amphitpathic molecules and maintains fluidity and rigidity when too hot or cold.
not in plant cells embranes
Describe the function of the Extracellular matrix
It recieves signals and is an extra level of support
what is fibronectin?
it is bonded to proteins
What is the proteoglycan complex?
they are green lines that are polysaccharides,, they have branches like pine trees
they are core proteins
How does the plasma membrane benefit the cell?
By being able to control the transport of materials in and out of the cell
What is the nature of a integral proteins?
hydrophilic w/ charged protein and side groups on the ends
hydrophobic with non-polar side group expose to the outside
What are the membrane proteins functions?
1.Transport
2. cell to cell recognition
3. enzymatic activity,
4. signal transduction,
5. intercellular joining,
6. attachment for Extracellular matrix of cytoskeletom
What is an example of a membrane protein that does transport?
Protein channel
What is an example of a membrane protein that does cell to cell recognition
glycoprotein (glycolipids do this too)
What is an example of a membrane protein that does enzymatic activity?
peripheral protein
What is an example of a membrane protein that does signal transduction?
fibronectin
What is an example of a membrane protein that does intercellular joining ?
transmembrane protein
What is an example of a membrane protein that does attachment for Extracellular matrix or cytoskeleton?
peripheral proteins?
What are the two functions for the cell wall?
Structural Boundary
Permeable barrier
what is the structural Boundary functions the cell wall does?
protects and maintains shape of the cell
prevents against cellular rupture when internal water pressure is high
helps plants stand
What is the permeable barrier functions the cell wall does?
Plasmodesmata: small holes b.w plant cell- waste, water and ions
What is the cell wall in fungi, plants and prokaryotes made out of?
Fungi- chitin
plants- cellulose
prokaryotes- peptidoglycan
