3.2 Carbohydrates Flashcards
What is teh carbon, hydrogen oxygen ratio?
CH2O
What is the formula for glucose, galactose and fructose?
C6H12O6
What are the 2 functions of carbohydrateS?
- provide energy for the cell primarily through glucose
- structural support for plants, fungi and arthropods (insects, spiders and crustaceans)
Aldose (Aldehyde sugar)
carbonyl group at the end of the chain
Ketose (Ketone sugar)
carbonyl group in the middle of the sugar chain
Describe cellular respiration
glucose- ATP
excess glucose- starch
What are the 3 monosaccharides?
glucose, galactose and fructose
Describe glucose alpha postion
hydroxyl group below carbon
describe glucose beta postion
hydroxyl group above carbon
Glycosidic linkage
covalent bond b/w carb molec. & another
what are the 3 disaccharides?
lactose, maltose, sucrose
lactose
glucose & galactose; milk
Maltose
malt sugar; 2 glucose molecules
What are the 4 examples of polysaccharides?
starch, glycogen. cellulose and chitin
Starch
stored form of sugar in plants; has two types; amylose, amylopectin; highly branched