AP Bio Midterm- Protein Info

Question 1

Describe primary structure

Answer 1

Amino acids come together through peptide (covalent) bonds, forming polypeptide chains. Slight alterations may end everything.

Question 2

Secondary structure

Answer 2

The hydrogen on the amino group and oxygen of carboxyl interact through a hydrogen bond, leading to an alpha-helix or beta-pleated shape.

Question 3

Tertiary structure

Answer 3

“R” group interactions determine the overall shape of the resulting protein. It includes the following interactions

Question 4

Hydrophobic bonds

Answer 4

amino acids with hydrophobic (nonpolar) side chains attract each other and end up on the inside of the protein.

Question 5

Ionic bonds

Answer 5

Between positive and negative side chains, stabilizes protein

Question 6

Disulfide Bridges

Answer 6

covalent bonds between sulfhydryl groups of cysteine molecules that keep the protein folded.

Question 7

Hydrogen Bonds

Answer 7

between polar side chains, stabilizes protein.

Question 8

Quaternary structure

Answer 8

One or more different polypeptide chains