Cell Division/Mitosis Flashcards
0
Q
what is a new cell called
A
daughter cell
genetically identical to the parent cell
1
Q
To increase the total number of cells in an organism what do cells do
A
cell division
2
Q
what must the cell have in order for it to work properly
A
correct amount of DNA and it’s nucleus
3
Q
what is mitosis
A
makes sure that each cell gets the correct amount of DNA
4
Q
stage one interstage
A
- “resting stage”, the time between cell division when it’s growing and doing its regular job
- cells DNA which exists as chromatin duplicates so it now has twice the normal amount of DNA
- centrioles duplicate in animal cells
5
Q
stage two prophase
A
- chromatin condenses and forms rodlike chromosomes
- chromosome is double-stranded, consisting of two identical sister chromatids joined at the centromere
- centrioles move to opposite sides and begin to cast spindle fibers that will guide the chromosomes
- nuclear membrane disappears and nucleolus
6
Q
stage 3 metaphase
A
- The centromere of each chromosome attaches to spindle fiber
- spindle fibers guide the chromosomes to the equator
7
Q
stage four anaphase
A
- centromere of each chromosome splits and the chromosomes separate
- chromosomes are now single-stranded chromosomes
- each chromosome is pulled to the opposite end of the cell
8
Q
stage five telophase
A
- chromosomes reach opposite pole
- chromosomes unwind and become chromatin again
- nuclear membrane forms rounded pile of chromatin
- nucleolus forms in each new nucleus
- spindle fibres disappear
9
Q
stage six cytokinesis
A
- division of the cytoplasm
- so membrane moves inward until the cell is pinched in two
- there are now two genetically identical cells
10
Q
plants vs animal cell division
A
- plants don’t have centrioles but they still have spindle fibres
- plants can’t pinch in two instead a new cell wall forms between the two new nucleus
