Cell Biology

Question 1

What are 4 things eukaryotes have that prokaryotes don’t?

Answer 1

1-Membrane bound organelles
2-Nuclear DNA
3-Cytoskeleton
4-Larger ribosomes

Question 2

What are 4 things prokaryotes have that eukaryotes don’t?

Answer 2

1-Cell wall
2-Smaller ribosomes
3-Cytoplasmic DNA
4-Some have flagella

Question 3

What is the difference between gram positive and gram negative?

Answer 3

Positive has thicker peptidoglycan layer

Question 4

What do lipid rafts do?

Answer 4

Get the right components in the right place so they can interact

Question 5

What are three characteristics of lipid rafts?

Answer 5

Cholesterol and Sphingolipid rich
Limited fluidity
Regulate signal transduction/endocytosis

Question 6

What are the 4 functions of endocytosis?

Answer 6

Remodel plasma membrane
Alter extra cellular environment
Provide nutrients
Regulate signal transduction

Question 7

What does the cytoskeleton provide?

Answer 7

Cell form and shape/backbone

Movement of intracellular cargo

Question 8

Which way does RNA polymerase read DNA?

Answer 8

3’-5’

Question 9

What are the 5 steps of polypeptide chain production?

Answer 9

1-activation of amino acid
2-initiation:tRNA binds to small ribosomal subunit followed by large subunit
3-elongation
4-termination: stop codon signals disassociation
5-protein folds

Question 10

What are the 5 stages of the cell cycle?

Answer 10

1-G0 cell cycle arrest
2-G1 Gap phase 1-cell contents are duplicated
3-S synthesis: chromosomes replicated
4-G2 gap phase 2: duplication check
5- mitosis

Question 11

What are the steps of mitosis?

Answer 11

Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

Question 12

What are similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Answer 12

Cytoplasm
Plasma membrane
Ribosomes
DNA area (nucleus in euk. Nucleoid in pro)