CCP Intro To Psychology Chapter 4

Question 1

the natural flow of thoughts

Answer 1

Stream of consciousness

Question 2

a continuous flow of changing sensations, images, thoughts, and feelings.

Answer 2

Consciousness

Question 3

A network of structures including the brain stem, medulla, and thalamus that determine arousal

Answer 3

Reticular activating system

Question 4

actively focusing ones efforts on obtaining a goal, the most alert state of consciousness

Answer 4

Higher-level consciousness

Question 5

The most alert states of human consciousness, during which individuals actively focus their efforts toward a goal.

Answer 5

controlled processes

Question 6

automatic processing that requires little attention

Answer 6

Lower-level consciousness

Question 7

States of consciousness that require little attention and do not interfere with other ongoing activities

Answer 7

automatic processes

Question 8

mental states that are noticeably different from normal awareness

Answer 8

Altered states of consciousness

Question 9

occurs when people are awake, sleeping, or dreaming

Answer 9

Subconscious awareness

Question 10

unacceptable wishes, feelings, and thoughts that are beyond conscious awareness.

Answer 10

unconscious thought

Question 11

unconscious thoughts that have too much anxiety or other negative emotions that they do not enter conscious thought

Answer 11

No awareness

Question 12

Periodic physiological fluctuations in the body, such as the rise and fall of hormones and accelerated/decelerated cycles of brain activity, that can influence behavior.

Answer 12

Biological rhythms

Question 13

Daily behavioral or physiological cycles that involve the sleep/wake cycle, body temperature, blood pressure, and blood sugar level.

Answer 13

Circadian rhythms

Question 14

the body’s way of monitoring the change from day to night.

Answer 14

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

Question 15

your eyes move rapidly

Answer 15

REM sleep

Question 16

lack of rapid eye movement and little dreaming

Answer 16

non-REM sleep

Question 17

the inability to sleep

Answer 17

Insomnia

Question 18

the sudden, overpowering urge to sleep

Answer 18

narcolepsy

Question 19

a sleep disorder in which an individual stops breathing because the windpipe fails to open, or because brain processes involved in respiration fail to work properly

Answer 19

sleep apnea

Question 20

the surface content of a dream, containing dream symbols that disguise the dream’s true meaning.

Answer 20

Manifest content

Question 21

a dream’s hidden content; its unconscious and true meaning

Answer 21

Latent content

Question 22

Theory proposing that one can understand dreaming by applying the same cognitive concepts used in studying the waking mind.

Answer 22

Cognitive theory of dreaming

Question 23

Theory that dreaming occurs when the cerebral cortex synthesizes neural signals generated from activity in the lower part of the brain and that dreams result from the brain’s attempts to find logic in random brain activity that occurs during sleep.

Answer 23

Activation-synthesis hypothesis

Question 24

Drugs that act on the nervous system to alter consciousness, modify perception, and change moods.

Answer 24

Psychoactive drugs

Question 25

The need to take increasing amounts of a drug to get the same effect.

Answer 25

Tolerance

Question 26

The physiological need for a drug that causes unpleasant withdrawal symptoms such as physical pain and a craving for the drug when it is discontinued.

Answer 26

Physical dependence

Question 27

The strong desire to repeat the use of a drug for emotional reasons, such as a feeling of well-being and reduction of stress.

Answer 27

psychological dependence

Question 28

A physical or a psychological dependence, or both, on a drug.

Answer 28

Addiction

Question 29

A psychological disorder in which a person’s use of psychoactive drugs (such as alcohol or opiates) affects their health, ability to work, and engage in social relationships.

Answer 29

Substance use disorder

Question 30

Psychoactive drugs that slow down mental and physical activity.

Answer 30

depressants

Question 31

Psychoactive drugs, including caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, and cocaine, that increase the central nervous system’s activity.

Answer 31

stimulants

Question 32

Psychoactive drugs that modify a person’s perceptual experiences and produce visual images that are not real.

Answer 32

hallucinogens

Question 33

A class of drugs that act on the brain’s endorphin receptors. These drugs (also called narcotics) depress activity in the central nervous system and eliminate pain.

Answer 33

opioids

Question 34

An altered state of consciousness or a psychological state of altered attention and expectation in which the individual is unusually receptive to suggestions.

Answer 34

Hypnosis

Question 35

The attainment of a peaceful state of mind in which thoughts are not occupied by worry; the meditator is mindfully present to their thoughts and feelings but is not consumed by them.

Answer 35

Meditation

Question 36

American psychologist and neuroscientist, famous for publishing a wide variety of scientific literature focusing on dependence, drug-taking behaviors, drug self-administration and the cognitive effects of drug use

Answer 36

Carl L. Hart, Ph.D.