CCP Intro To Psychology Chapter 3

Question 1

the process of receiving stimulus energies from the external environment, and transforming those energies into neural energy

Answer 1

Sensation

Question 2

the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information so that it makes sense

Answer 2

Perception

Question 3

sensory receptors register information about the external environment and send it to the brain for interpretation

Answer 3

Bottom-up processing

Question 4

reflected when our expectations expect what we see, hear, or feel

Answer 4

Top-down processing

Question 5

register information about the external environment and send it to the brain for interpretation

Answer 5

Sensory receptors

Question 6

minimum amount of stimulus energy that a person can detect

Answer 6

Absolute threshold

Question 7

the degree of difference that must exist between two stimuli before the difference is detected

Answer 7

Difference threshold

Question 8

decision making about stimuli under conditions of uncertainty

Answer 8

Signal detection theory

Question 9

focusing on a specific aspect of an experience while ignoring others

Answer 9

Selective attention

Question 10

predisposition or readiness to perceive something in a particular way

Answer 10

Perceptual set

Question 11

a change in the responsiveness of the sensory system based on the average level of surrounding stimulation

Answer 11

Sensory adaptation

Question 12

light sensitive surface that records electromagnetic energy and converts it to neural impulses for processing in the brain

Answer 12

Retina

Question 13

receptors in the retina that are sensitive to light

Answer 13

Rods

Question 14

receptors that we use for color perception

Answer 14

Cones

Question 15

part of the cerebral cortex involved in vision

Answer 15

Visual cortex

Question 16

neurons in the brains visual system that respond to particular features of a stimulus

Answer 16

Feature detectors

Question 17

color perception is produced by three types of cone receptors in the retina

Answer 17

Trichromatic theory

Question 18

cells in the visual system respond to red-green and blue-yellow colors

Answer 18

Opponent-process theory

Question 19

the principal by which we organize the perpetual field into stimuli that stand out and those that are left over

Answer 19

Figure ground relationship

Question 20

a school of thought that probes how people naturally organize their perceptions according to certain patterns

Answer 20

Gestalt psychology

Question 21

the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally

Answer 21

Depth perception

Question 22

depth cues that depend on the combination of the images in the left and right eyes and on the way the two eyes work together and on the way the two eyes work together.

Answer 22

Binocular cues

Question 23

Powerful depth cues available from the image in one eye, either the right or the left

Answer 23

Monocular cues

Question 24

The recognition that objects are constant and unchanging even though sensory input about them is changing.

Answer 24

Perceptual constancy

Question 25

tubular, fluid filled structure, that is coiled up like a snail

Answer 25

Cochlea

Question 26

Sense that provides information about balance and movement.

Answer 26

Vestibular sense

Question 26

Senses that provide information about movement, posture, and orientation.

Answer 26

Kinesthetic sense

Question 27

American psychologist, logician, and mathematician, famous for her work on color vision

Answer 27

Christine Ladd-Franklin