CCP Intro To Psychology Chapter 2

Question 1

The brain’s special capacity for change

Answer 1

Plasticity

Question 2

the body’s electrochemical communication circuitry

Answer 2

Nervous System

Question 3

the brain and spinal cord

Answer 3

Central Nervous System

Question 4

network of nerves that connect the brain and spinal systems to other parts of the body

Answer 4

peripheral nervous system

Question 5

influences the various organ systems of the body

Answer 5

Sympathetic division

Question 6

a network of nerves that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger

Answer 6

parasympathetic division

Question 7

the body’s response to stresser’s

Answer 7

Stress

Question 8

the circumstances and events that threaten people and tax their coping abilities

Answer 8

Stressers

Question 9

treelike fibers projecting from a neuron

Answer 9

Dendrites

Question 10

directs the manufacture of substances that the neuron needs for maintenance and growth

Answer 10

cell body

Question 11

part of the neuron that carries information away from the cell body towards other cells

Answer 11

axon

Question 12

a layer of cells containing fat, encases, and insulates most axons

Answer 12

myelin sheath

Question 13

a voltage between the inside and outside of the axon wall

Answer 13

Resting potential

Question 14

brief wave of positive charge that sweeps down the axon

Answer 14

Action potential

Question 15

nerve cells either fire at full strength or they do not

Answer 15

All or nothing principle

Question 16

tiny spaces between neurons

Answer 16

Synapse

Question 17

carry information across the synaptic gap to the next neuron

Answer 17

Neurotransmitters

Question 18

stimulates the firing of neurons and is involved in the action of muscles

Answer 18

Acetylcholine

Question 19

keeps many neurons from firing

Answer 19

GABA

Question 20

inhibits the firing of neurons in the central nervous system

Answer 20

norepinephrine

Question 21

regulation of sleep, mood, attention and learning

Answer 21

serotonin

Question 21

controls voluntary movement and effects sleep, mood, attention, and learning

Answer 21

dopamine

Question 22

shield the body from pain and elevate feelings of pleasure

Answer 22

endorphins

Question 23

a hormone and neurotransmitter that plays an important role in the experience of love and social bonding

Answer 23

oxytocin

Question 24

a drug that mimics or increases a neurotransmitters effects

Answer 24

Agonist

Question 25

a drug that blocks a neurotransmitters effects

Answer 25

antagonist

Question 26

the three parts of the hindbrain

Answer 26

Medulla, Cerebellum, Pons

Question 27

plays important roles in motor coordination

Answer 27

Cerebellum

Question 27

connects your brain to your spinal cord

Answer 27

Brain stem

Question 28

a collection of neurons involved in stereotyped patterns of behavior such as walking, sleeping, and turning to attend a sudden noise

Answer 28

Reticular formation

Question 29

a network of structures under the cerebral cortex

Answer 29

Limbic system

Question 30

almond shaped structure inside the brain towards the base

Answer 30

Amygdala

Question 31

the storage of memories

Answer 31

Hippocampus

Question 32

sort information and sent it to the appropriate places

Answer 32

Thalamus

Question 33

control and coordinate voluntary movements

Answer 33

Basal ganglia

Question 34

monitors pleasurable behavior such as eating, drinking, and sex

Answer 34

Hypothalamus

Question 35

where the most complex mental functions such as planning and thinking take place

Answer 35

Cerebral cortex

Question 36

involved in personality, intelligence, and the control of voluntary muscles

Answer 36

Frontal lobes

Question 37

involved in registering spatial location, attention, and motor control

Answer 37

parietal lobes

Question 38

involved in planning, reasoning, and self control

Answer 38

prefrontal cortex

Question 39

involved in hearing, language processing, and memory

Answer 39

temporal lobes

Question 40

processes visual information such as color, shape and motion

Answer 40

occipital lobes

Question 41

processes information about body sensations

Answer 41

Somatosensory cortex

Question 42

processes information about voluntary movement

Answer 42

motor cortex

Question 43

large bundle of axons connecting the brains two hemispheres

Answer 43

Corpus Callosum

Question 44

undifferentiated cells that can turn into specific cells, as the body needs them

Answer 44

Stem cells