CCP Intro To Psychology Chapter 14 Flashcards

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1
Q

A subfield of psychology that emphasizes psychology’s role in establishing and maintaining health and preventing and treating illness.

A

Health psychology

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2
Q

A subfield of psychology that emphasizes psychology’s role in establishing and maintaining health and preventing and treating illness.

A

Behavioral medicine

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2
Q

Individuals are not yet ready to think about changing and may not be aware that they have a problem that needs to be changed

A

Precontemplation

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2
Q

Practices that have an impact on physical well-being.

A

Health behaviors

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3
Q

Individuals are preparing to take action

A

Preparation/determination

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3
Q

Individuals commit to making a behavioral change and enact a plan

A

Action/willpower

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3
Q

The complex set of interactions among the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, and the adrenal glands that regulate various body processes and control reactions to stressful events.

A

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis)

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3
Q

Selye’s term for the common effects of stressful demands on the body, consisting of three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.

A

General adaptation syndrome (alarm, resistance, exhaustion)

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4
Q

A new field of scientific inquiry that explores connections among psychological factors (such as attitudes and emotions), the nervous system, and the immune system.

A

Psychoneuroimmunology

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4
Q

A cluster of characteristics—including being excessively competitive, hard-driven, impatient, and hostile—that is related to a higher incidence of heart disease.

A

Type A behavior pattern

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5
Q

A cluster of characteristics—including being relaxed and easygoing—that is related to a lower incidence of heart disease.

A

Type B behavior pattern

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6
Q

A cluster of characteristics—including being generally distressed, having negative emotions, and being socially inhibited—that is related to adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

A

Type D behavior pattern

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6
Q

A regimen that teaches individuals how to appraise stressful events, how to develop skills for coping with stress, and how to put these skills into use in everyday life.

A

Stress management programs

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6
Q

Managing taxing circumstances, expending effort to solve life’s problems, and seeking to master or reduce stress.

A

Coping

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6
Q

Individuals’ interpretation of the events in their life as harmful, threatening, or challenging and their determination of whether they have the resources to cope effectively with the events.

A

Cognitive appraisal

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6
Q

The coping strategy that involves responding to the stress that one is feeling—trying to manage one’s emotional reaction—rather than focusing on the root problem itself.

A

Emotion focused coping

6
Q

The coping strategy of squarely facing one’s troubles and trying to solve them.

A

Problem focused coping

6
Q

Reinterpreting a potentially stressful experience as positive, valuable, or even beneficial

A

Positive reappraisal

6
Q

A personality trait characterized by a sense of commitment rather than alienation and of control rather than powerlessness; a perception of problems as challenges rather than threats.

A

Hardiness

7
Q

Contemplation

A

Individuals acknowledge that they have a problem but may not yet be ready to change